Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Thyroid hormones are critical for early brain development, somatic growth, and bone and pubertal maturation. Primary hypothyroidism is a well-known cause of poor linear growth in children. This case highlights role of thyroid hormone replacement to improve final height in the setting of profound hypothyroidism.Case: We report the case of 16 years old Caucasian girl initially evaluated for primary amenorrhea and delayed growth of 139 cm putt...

The prevalence of the type 2 diabetes and obesity are on the rise globally. Initial interventions for these groups of patients remain diet, exercise and medications. If these measures are insufficient gastrointestinal surgery offers a very good alternative for obesity and type 2 diabetes treatment.We report the outcome results for patients who underwent either adjustable gastric banding (AGB) or Roux-en-Y (RNY) gastric bypass in the years 2009–2012....

The prevalence of the type 2 diabetes and obesity are on the rise globally. Initial interventions for these groups of patients remain diet, exercise and medications. If these measures are insufficient gastrointestinal surgery offers a very good alternative for obesity and type 2 diabetes treatment.We report the outcome results for patients who underwent either adjustable gastric banding (AGB) or Roux-en-Y (RNY) gastric bypass in the years 2009–2012....

Adrenal rest tumours are well described in 21-hydroxylase deficiencies. However there are few reports in literature of rest tumours in 11-β hydroxylase (11- β OH) deficiency. We report a case with an established diagnosis of 11- β OH deficiency with non-compliance to steroid treatment and endocrine follow-upHe presented to Urology with haemospermia. He was found to have scrotal swellings. Ultrasound confirmed bilateral testicular tumours. ...

Thyroid hormone is absolutely necessary for early brain development.Incidence of thyroid disorders in infancy is 1:4,000.Thyroid hormones can be deficient through hormone synthesis and action or very rarely through defective transport. Some new and exciting transporters for tri-iodothyronine (T3) have recently come to light.MCT 8 gene encodes the protein that transports T3 into neurons. Its mutation result in inability of T3 to enter a developi...

Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors such as CTLA 4 inhibitors (Ipilimumab) and PD1 inhibitors (Nivolumab/ Pembrolizumab) are being increasingly used for treatment of malignant melanomas and other solid tumours. Despite clinical benefits, they have been known to cause certain Immune related adverse effects (IrAEs) which may be dermatological, gastrointestinal, endocrine, or other immune phenomenon.The endocr...

Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors such as CTLA 4 inhibitors (Ipilimumab) and PD1 inhibitors (Nivolumab/ Pembrolizumab) are being increasingly used for treatment of malignant melanomas and other solid tumours. Despite clinical benefits, they have been known to cause certain Immune related adverse effects (IrAEs) which may be dermatological, gastrointestinal, endocrine, or other immune phenomenon.The endocr...

Case: We present the case of a previously fit and well 53-year-old lady who presented with persistent hypokalaemia (1.9 mmol). She was cushingoid and testing confirmed Cushing’s syndrome with random cortisol of >1750 nmol/l, ACTH 838 ng/l and non-suppressed cortisol (1099 nmol/l) after low dose dexamethasone suppression test. MRI pituitary was normal. Abdominal CT scan showed bilateral adrenal hyperplasia and large (>10 cm) mass with necrotic centre replacing the ...

We present a case of Phaeochromocytoma co-secreting ACTH as a rare cause of Cushing’s syndrome. Our patient is a 49 year lady admitted acutely with sudden onset headache and severe hypertension. CT brain and CSF analysis were normal. Her urinary catecholamines were found to be elevated. Noradrenaline 709 and 972 nmol/ mmol of creatinine (ref range 0–48), Adrenaline 215 and 256 (ref range 0–10). CT abdomen revealed 4.2 cm left adrenal mass, MIBG scan confirmed ph...

A 63 year old lady born in Ghana was referred by her general practitioner for assessment of secondary hyperparathyroidism. She had corrected calcium of 1.93 (N: 2.18–2.47 mmol/L), PTH72.2 (N: 1.1–6.9 pmol/L) and alkaline phosphates of 324 (30–100 IU/L). Her GP described her to be very conscious about her weight and she virtually lived on fruits and vegetables. She has history of hyper tension and was on alpha-blocker. Examination revealed BMI of 29 Kg/m2</s...