Endocrine Abstracts

IntroductionIndividuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at an increased risk of developing fractures, despite higher mean BMI and BMD. Recently, clinically relevant sub-groups of T2DM have been characterised using biomarkers of glycemic metabolism.AimCharacterise T2DM sub-groups in a population-based setting and test for differences in fracture risk.Methods<p class="abstext...

BackgroundsThe study aimed to explore the characteristics of glucolipid metabolism in patients with nonfunctional adrenal incidentaloma(NFAI). And investigate the relationship between these factors and insulin resistance, islet beta cell function.MethodsThis study enrolled eight patients with nonfunctional adrenal incidentaloma and five healthy controls(HCs). These data were recorded including body measuremen...

Background: The typical biochemical phenotype related to obesity, that is high serum TSH within normal range, low/normal free thyroxine (FT4) and increased free triiodothyronine (FT3) levels, can be interpreted as a resistance to thyroid hormones. It is unclear the role played by thyroid hormones in the pathogenesis of metabolic derangement associated with obesity. Aim: To investigate the association between thyroid hormones sensitivity and cardio-metabo...

Clin Endocrinology (Oxf), 2022, 96, 878-887 (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.14681): ...

Introduction: Definitive treatment for pediatric Grave’s disease includes radioiodine ablation (RAI) or thyroidectomy. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the cure and relapse rates of RAI vs surgery as definitive therapy in children with Grave’s disease.Methods: A comprehensive search on Cochrane library, EMBASE, PUBMED and ClinicalTrials.gov for English articles published on def...

Background: The hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) controls the neuroendocrine response to psychological and physiological stress. The balance of the hormones synthesised and secreted by these organs is tightly regulated. However, there are intrinsic differences in the relative expression of these hormones depending on sex, which can influence the magnitude of the endocrine response to stressors or the response to pharmacological treatments. Herein, we ...

Background: Thyroid hormones are essential for the adequate growth and development of the kidney and also target changes in glomerular and tubular functions and electrolyte and water homeostasis. Hyperthyroidism leads to an increase in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal blood flow with converse effects seen in hypothyroidism. In turn, the kidneys are responsible for the metabolism and elimination of thyroid hormones and thus renal disease can lead to s...

Background: Well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (WD-NET) have a relatively low tumor mutation burden and do not commonly express the programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), characteristics which may limit the anti-tumor activity of PD-L1 inhibitors in this disease. Response rate to single agent immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) for patients with G1-3 NET is <15%. The intensity of anti-tumor immune response may be enhanced by addition of liver-directed therapy (LDT), such...

Background: Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (panNENs) are heterogeneous, with grade (G) defined by Ki67 proliferation index (<3% G1, 3-20% G2, >20% G3) or mitotic rate. The G3 NEN subgroup is further divided into well differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC). Grade progression can occur over time, with low-to-high grade progression (L-to-H; G1/2 to G3) the most clinically relevant form. It is associated w...

Background: The epidemiology of typical (TC) and atypical carcinoid (AC) bronchopulmonary neuroendocrine tumors (pulmNETs) is not well understood. We aim to describe the incidence of pulmNETs and differences by sex and race and ethnicity (R&E) in the diverse state of California.Methods: All patients with malignant pulmNETs diagnosed from 1992-2019 in the population-based California Cancer Registry were identified by histology (ICD-O-3 code 8240 for T...