Endocrine Abstracts

Fractures in diabetic patients are slower to heal and have an increased risk for developing malunion as compared to non-diabetic individuals. Given the known deficiencies in diabetic progenitor cell number and differentiation capacity, it is reasonable to hypothesise the aetiology of diabetic fracture malunion is dysregulated progenitor function. Therefore, we investigated the therapeutic efficacy of locally administered non-diabetic human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem ...

Cytosolic calcium signalling controls a vast number of cellular functions, such as contraction, secretion, cell growth and cell division. The increase of [Ca2+]i evoked by G-protein coupled receptor activation has two closely related components, i.e. the rapid phase of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate-mediated Ca2+ release from ER stores, and followed by Ca2+ entry through store-operated channels (SOCs) in plasma membrane. Orai and STIM p...

The glucocorticoid hormone, cortisol, regulates fuel metabolism, inflammation and stress–responses. Its circulating concentrations are tightly controlled by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. However, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11βHSD1) generates additional cortisol in tissues, by reduction of inert cortisone. Using a tracer (9,11,12,12[2H]4-cortisol; d4-cortisol), the velocity of 11βHSD1 can be determined as t...

The transient receptor potential canonical channels (TRPC) are a new family of Ca2+-permeable cationic channels controlling the Ca2+ influx response to the activation of the G-protein coupled receptor or the depletion of the internal Ca2+ store, which is related to the cellular signalling mechanisms of many hormones or growth factors. The role of TRPC channels in cancer development is still unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the expres...

Context: Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS1) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the autoimmune regulator gene. Hypoparathyroidism occurs in 80% of patients with APS1 and has been suggested to result from an autoimmune reaction against the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) on parathyroid cells. Previously, we have detected CaSR-binding antibodies in patients with APS1 using immunoprecipitation and flow cytometry assays.Obj...

Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS1) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the autoimmune regulator gene. Major disease components include mucocutaneous candidiasis, hypoparathyroidism and Addison’s disease. Acquired hypoparathyroidism (AH) occurs in 80% of APS1 patients and is associated with hypocalcaemia, hyperphosphataemia and low serum levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH). Reports suggest that these clinical symptoms are initiated by...

Introduction: The growth hormone receptor (GHR) consists of 620 residues and belongs to the class I cytokine receptor family. It is a single membrane spanning protein that binds its ligand, GH, via the extracellular domain. GH binding to GHR induces a conformational change in the preformed receptor dimer, which leads to intracellular signalling. Correct functional dimerisation of two GHR molecules is essential for GH signalling. We have previously shown that membrane bound tru...

Background: IRS consists of ≥3 of the following components: obesity (BMI >98th centile), abnormal insulin glucose homeostasis, hypertension, dyslipidaemia. Elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is a marker of NAFLD.Objective: To define the prevalence of IRS and NAFLD in obese children referred to our centre.Methods: subjects: mean BMI-SDS +6 (+0.6 to +14), median age 13.4 years (3–19), female 66%, British Asi...

Hyponatraemia is a common biochemical abnormality associated with significant mortality. However, adequate investigation and accurate diagnosis are frequently lacking. We have evaluated the assessment and management of severe hyponatraemia in a large teaching hospital. Inpatients with a plasma sodium (pNa) <125mmol/L were identified prospectively by laboratory database, over a 6 month period. Notes were examined and data extracted. Data was also retrospectively reviewed by ...

Hyponatraemia is one of the commonest biochemical abnormalities in hospitalised patients, and is generally associated with a poor outcome. Large controlled studies of severely hyponatraemic patients are however unusual. From our biochemistry laboratory database we prospectively collected all patients with a sodium (Na) <125 mmol/L over a 6 month period (n=104).For each hyponatraemic case, a normotraemic control was chosen as the next sequential patient in time on the labora...