Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Type 2 diabetes and Hipertension are common in obese patients. Bariatric surgery is effective in sustained weight loss, but also improves glycemic and hypertension control. A high percentage of diabetes remission occurs.

Methods: Retrospective study of type 2 diabetic patients submitted to bariatric surgery between 2006 and 2013 in a central hospital. Primary endpoint was evaluation of diabetes and hypertension remission, 2 years after surgery. It was also measured weight changes, BMI, blood pressure, glycemic control before and after surgery. We used descriptive statistics, student t-test and chi-square distribution.

Results: A total of 150 bariatric procedures were done. Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) was the most common procedure (47%), followed by sleeve gastrectomy (37%) and gastric bypass (16%). The mean age of patients was 48.2 (±9.7) years old, with a predominance of women (87%). In the LAGB group there was a BMI reduction from 48.9 to 40.8 kg/m², in the sleeve group from 44.9 to 32.9 kg/m² and in bypass from 46.9 to 35.5 kg/m². There was an improvement in glycemic control in all techniques, but it was most important in the bypass group, with a remission rate of 72.2% (vs 52.7% of sleeve and 36.9% in LAGB; P=0.024). The prevalence of hypertension was lower in the bypass group (54%) than in sleeve group (75%). In terms of hypertension control, there was a reduction in the number of classes prescribed in the three groups, with the best remission rate also seen in the bypass group (69.2%).

Discussion: There was an important remission rate of diabetes and hypertension after bariatric surgery, mostly in the gastric bypass group, where weight loss was also larger and the patients younger. The remission rate seems to be related not only with weight loss, but also with metabolic changes linked with each type of procedure.