Endocrine Abstracts

Backgroud: Though insulin resistance (IR) is common in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), there is no agreement as to what surrogate method of assessment of IR is most reliable.Aim: We compared methods based on measurements of fasting insulin and either fasting glucose (HOMA-IR and QUICKI), or triglycerides (TAG) (McAuley index) with insulin resistance (Belfiore) index (IRI) derived from glucose and insulin during a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)...

Introduction: The presence of antiphospholipid antibodies is associated pathogenically with thrombotic vascular events and resulting pregnancy complications. Studies support that antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) impair female fertility by interfering with endometrial decidualization and implantation. This meta-analysis aims to determine the prevalence of aPL in women undergoing assisted reproductive techniques (ART) for in Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer (IVF-ET)....

Polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with lipid and carbohydrate metabolism disorders, leading to obesity and insulin resistance. The aim of the study was to asses the correlation among anthropometric parameters, metabolic markers (lipid and carbohydrate profiles) and CRP as inflammatory indicator in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. The study consists of 43 women diagnosed with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome based on 2003 Rotterdam criteria. The patients were hospitalized i...

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. To factors predisposing to cardiovascular diseases belong: hypertension, lipid and carbohydrate profiles, smoking and reduced physical activity. The aim of this study was to determine the association between selected factors predisposing to cardiovascular diseases and anthropometric parameters and CRP concentration in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. The study was conducted amongst 43 women, aged 18-...

PH during pregnancy is a rare entity with no standardized practice management guidelines available. We report a case of a Latin American 40-year-old patient, with a history of arterial hypertension first diagnosed during her first gestation followed in Ecuador. She presented at 24 weeks’ gestation with a fetal demise and high blood pressure, being diagnosed of severe preeclampsia. Cesarean section (CS) was performed. No further control of blood pressure after delivery was...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrinal disorder afflicting women mainly during their childbearing age. The symptoms of PCOS are irregular menstrual cycles, weight gain, subfertility, and infertility. However, since the etiology is as yet unclear, the management and treatment are still not well established. Recently, natural substances have been used for PCOS therapy. Ecklonia cava is a well-known natural substance that attenuates inflammation, allergy and c...

Context: Autoimmune thyroid pathology can lead to serious complications of pregnancy and can be combined with generalized autoimmune imbalance, in particular, in the endometrium. The imbalance in the regulation of the immunocompetent cells activity and the increase of cytokines production are one of the reasons for the failed implantation or disruption of embryo development with future consequencesObjective: To assess the role of paracrine factors (expre...

Context: The early activation of adrenal zona reticularis, denoted by increased circulating levels of adrenal androgens before the age of eight years in girls is called premature adrenarche (PA), while the concomitant appearance of pubic hair is termed premature pubarche (PP). Girls with PA-PP display an unfavorable metabolic, hormonal and psychologic profile, compared to their normal peers and are also at an increased risk of developing polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO...

The complex study of the endometrium, in particular, immunohistochemical (IHC), allows to determine the state of steroid receptivity and allows to choose the optimal way of examination in women with autoimmune thyroid diseases and miscarriages.Aim: To evaluate IHC expression of steroid receptors (ERα, ERβ, PR) in endometrium in women with a history of reproductive loss and autoimmune thyroid diseasesMaterials and methods:...

Introduction: Impaired fertility in women with Crohn’s disease compared to healthy women seems to be a consequence of Crohn’s disease, according to older studies. However, data are not consistent, and it is not clear why could the reduced fertility occur. Influence on ovarian reserve might be one of the answers.Patients: The study group consisted of women with Crohn’s disease. The control group consisted of age and BMI matched healthy wome...

Reproductive systems of the Mongolian gerbils are controlled by the photoperiod but body weight is independent of photoperiod. Food intake has an effect on reproduction and gerbils are very sensitive about food intake. Leptin hormone has controls on both food intake and body weight. Finding a link between changes in feeding behavior and reproductive activity in relation to obesity-related issues will play an important role. In this study, three groups were established; a) food...

Introduction: Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) is one of the most common causes of secondary amenorrhea. There are three types of FHA: weight loss-related, stress-related, and exercise-related amenorrhea. The latter is fairly common among competitive athletes. Currently the Olympic Committee includes amenorrhea in the “Relative Energy Deficiency Syndrome in Sport (RED-S)”. The syndrome of RED-S refers to impaired physiological function including metabolic rat...

Background: The presence of the Y chromosome and Y-specific sequences (e.g: SRY, DYZ1, DYZ3, DYS132, ZFY, and TSPY, etc) in Turner syndrome patients is a risk factor for gonadal tumors (mostly gonadoblastoma) in dysgenetic gonads. Unfortunately approximately 60% of gonadoblastoma cases, there is a potential to progress towards invasive germ cell tumors (mostly dysgerminoma). Girls with Y chromosomal material also present a higher risk of virilization...

The kisspeptin/Kiss1R and tachykinin 3 (TAC3)/tachykinin receptor 3 (TACR3) system in the hypothalamus are essential for reproduction. Recent study suggested that the two peptide systems are both expressed in the ovary, particularly in the granulosa cells. The expression profile of the two systems in human granulosa cells has not been fully investigated yet. We collected the granulosa cells from normal infertile control patients and patients diagnosed with PCOS in Peking Unive...

Introduction: Hyperandrogenism is an uncommon finding in postmenopausal women. Possible sources of the elevated androgen levels include Cushing’s syndrome, Polycystic ovarian syndrome, benign and malignant androgen secreting ovarian tumors, ovarian hyperthecosis, adrenocortical tumours and iatrogenic hirsuitism.Case: A 65 year-old lady was referred with a raised testosterone level of 2.6 nmol/l [0–1.8 nmol/l]. She experienced weight gain and fa...

Objectives: Insulin-like growth factors 1 and 2 (IGF1 and IGF2) are widely expressed mitogenic peptides playing a role in the fetal developement and differentiation. Evidence suggest their possible involvement in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome and probably in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Aim: Aim of the study was to assess the relationship of serum IGF1, IGF2 and IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) levels to steroid hormones and metabolic paramete...

Introduction: Clinical and laboratory hyperandrogenisms indistinctly contribute to PCOS diagnosis; however, they differ in hormonal and metabolic correlates and require proper therapeutic strategies. Circulating biomarkers of hirsutism were not identified so far, with elevated testosterone being observed only in half of hirsute patients. Reasons for such inconsistencies possibly relies in previously used immunoassays, nowadays recognized as not adequate because of poor reliabi...

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) occurs in women of reproductive age and is characterized by hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovaries, oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea. Estimated prevalence is at least 6.5%. Women having PCOS tend to be overweight or obese. In addition to endocrine, metabolic and gynecological, features of PCOS, a number of psychological problems add up which affect quality of life and psychological well-being in women with PCOS.Mate...

Turner Syndrome (TS) is a multi-systemic genetic condition in females caused by partial or complete deletion of one X chromosome. It affects approximately 25-50 per 100,000 live births. Recent data shows that up to 60% of patients with TS will experience recurrent otitis media and 30% will suffer permanent hearing impairment. International guidelines recommend audiometric screening at diagnosis, every three years in childhood and at least every five years in adulthood for TS p...

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common, multifaceted endocrinopathy associated with metabolic alterations such as insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, and obesity, and thereby an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Endothelial dysfunction and chronic inflammation are early findings in the atherosclerotic process. Elevated serum levels of uric acid may reflect low-grade chronic inflamm...

Background: Leydig cell ovarian tumors (LCOT) represent a rare type of sex-cord stromal tumors accounting for less than 0.1% of all ovarian tumors. (1) Although rarely described in young, LCOT most commonly occur in postmenopausal women (2). The prominent clinical features of LCOT are rapidly progressive virilization, recently described, secondary erythrocytosis and OSA (3). Suppressed plasma leptin has also been reported in patients with LCOT (4), however direct correlation o...

Objective: Smoking during pregnancy could have impact on steroidogenesis, with more marked changes in smokers carrying boys as well as in their newborns. The aim of study was compared steroid hormones between non-smokers, ex-smokers, which stop smoking in the beginning of pregnancy, and active smokers.Method: We focused on changes in steroidogenesis in the blood of mothers in their 37th week of pregnancy and in mixed cord blood from their newb...

Hypopituitarism is relatively rare disorder characterized by different kind of pituitary deficit, and GH-deficiency as well as hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) are the most often met ones. The prevalent cause of hypopituitarism is organic lesion of hypothalamo-pituitary region (pituitary tumors, craniopharyngiomas, empty sella turcica and etc). Successful neurosurgery and optimal replacement hormonal treatment allow patients to appeal to a doctor about pregnancy. Results of ...

The waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) has recently gained attention as an anthropometric index showing the highest predictive value for cardiometabolic risk in PCOS and healthy women. Central adiposity is the key driving force behind a constellation of inflammatation linked to insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. PCOS is also considered to be linked to chronic inflammatory processes. Platelet count ratio/mean platelet volume (PLT/MPV), lymphocyte&#150...

Objective: To evaluate the clinical significance of AMH in predicting IVF outcomes among patients over age 40 undergoing the first IVF cycle.Design and methods: This is a retrospective study. Patients aged 40 or older who underwent their first IVF cycle from January 2013 to September 2014 in CHA Gangnam fertility center were included (n=201). All patients received gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol, with a starting dose of...

Objectives: Gender affirming hormonal and/or surgical care is associated with reduced fertility. Over the last years, the options for transgender persons to fulfill their child wish have increased. Previous research (mainly focused on transgender persons visiting health care professionals) on fertility in transgender persons assigned female at birth (AFAB) shows low fertility preservation utilization. Ideas and concerns of AFAB transgender persons regarding fertility preservat...

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine condition in women at reproductive age, in whom, glucose metabolism disturbances are commonly observed. In addition, overweight and obesity, especially visceral obesity, are more prevalent in PCOS women, which enhances the resistance to insulin action, and as consequence, the onset of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Clinical guidelines recommend oral glucose tolerance te...

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential toxicity of Cefuroxime (CFR), a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, on ovary of ‘wistar’ rats. A total of 32 adult female rats (12 weeks old) were intraperitoneally injected with CFR at a dose of 0, 30, 60 or 120 mg/kg, divided into two equal doses daily, for 7 days and sacrificed 24 h after the last dose. Biochemical assays showed significant reduction in oestradiol and progesterone levels in compari...

Introduction: Being overweight or obese are common characteristic of women affected by polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Indeed, 50–70% of the women are obese and more likely to present with higher growth rate and obesity already from early childhood compared with women without the syndrome. Obesity predisposes women with PCOS to adverse metabolic outcomes such as metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance and diabetes. Recent studies have also revealed a high prevalence of e...

Kalach 360 SL (KL), glyphosate (G) surfactant-based herbicides, is a systemic herbicide effective against weeds. It was applied in agriculture in Tunisia and throughout the world, which can represent a risk to non-target organisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the morphological and biochemical aspects of ovary injury after exposure to KL. Female Wistar rats were divided into three groups: group 1 was used as a control; group 2 orally received 0.07 ml of KL, (126 mg...

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of time-of-days (TOD) on some biochemical and hormonal responses after resistance training sessions.Methods: Ten trained subjects performed three resistance-training-sessions at 0700 h, 1300 h and 1700 h. Each training-session included six upper and lower body resistance exercises with 3×10 repetitions. Blood lactate (Lac), creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), cortisol (C) and testoster...

Introduction: Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) biosimilars, differing for source cell and glycosylation pattern, are commercially available for therapy of hypogonadism and assisted reproduction techniques (ART). Although these molecules are commonly used in clinical practice, comparison of their action in vitro was poorly investigated.Aim: The aim of the study is to compare recombinant FSH- and biosimilars-induced cell response in vitro</e...

Background: Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome (MRKHS) is defined as aplasia or hypoplasia of the uterus and vagina in female with normal 46,XX karyotype. Isolated congenital absence of the uterus and vagina is classified as MRKHS type 1 (typical form). If it is associated with at least one concomitant congenital malformation that mainly affect the renal and skeletal system, is classified as MRKHS type 2 (atypical form). We report here the cases of MRKH type 2 with i...

Objective: Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome (MRKH) is a very rare congenital anomaly characterised by vaginal agenesis and a spectrum of different genitourinary tract anomalies. Typical form of this syndrome is characterised by congenital absence of the uterus and upper 2/3 vagina with normal ovaries and fallopian tubes and atypical form of the syndrome is associated with anomalies of the ovaries and fallopian tubes and renal anomalies.Case r...

Introduction/ objectives: Turner syndrome (TS) comprises a group of sex chromosomal abnormalities of heterogeneous clinical presentation. During the infant period, the pediatric endocrinologist coordinates their follow-up and it is important to ensure its continuation during the adult stage. The objective of this study is to know the current clinical situation, occupational, educational, social and medical monitoring of patients affected TS in Tenerife.M...

Introduction: Gonadal dysgenesis is a rare cause of primary amenorrhoea, and refers to a number of conditions in which gonadal development is abnormal leading to streak or hypoplastic gonads. We present a rare case of a girl with primary amenorrhea, tall stature, gonadal dysgenesis and karyotype 46,XX. A 15 years old girl with primary amenorrhoea referred to our department for futher investigation. On clinical examination she was tall (height 1.74 m), her weight was 76 kg and ...

Introduction: Hyperandrogenism (HA) is frequent but not universal characteristic in women with polycistic ovary syndrome (PCOS). According to the ESHRE/ASRM definition, hyperandrogenism criterion could be clinical (hirsutism) and/or biochemical (hiperandrogenemia). The aim of this study was to analyze metabolic and hormonal characteristics among women with PCOS with different forms of hyperandrogenism.Methods: We analyzed 458 women with PCOS diagnosed us...

Introduction: Turner Syndrome (TS) is known to be associated with congenital malformations and a greater incidence of autoimmune disease. Many others organs systems are also affected to varying degrees and at different stages of life such as abnormal liver function. This disease is often detected on routine investigation and is not accompanied by signs or symptoms of liver disease. We report the case of a young Turnerian who presents a disruption of his hepatic balance with a ...

Introduction: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have numerous risk factors that lead to higher risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and stroke. Measurement of carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a marker of CVD.Methods: We analyzed 399 women with PCOS diagnosed using ESHRE/ASRM criteria (age: 25.5±5.1 years, BMI: 24.9±6.2 kg/m2), and 82 BMI-matched healthy controls (age 29.2±5.9 years, BMI 25.3±8.6 kg/m<sup...

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is usually accompanied by abdominal obesity and insulin resistance which are related with low-grade chronic inflammation, as evidenced by elevation of multiple markers of inflammation, among which is oxidative stress. However, as far as oxidative stress presence, the existing data are limited. The purpose of this study was the investigation of several oxidative stress markers in women with PCOS without insulin resistance.<p cl...

Introduction: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) often have other comorbidities and one of them is Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT). The aim of the sudy was to analyze metabolic and hormonal status among women with PCOS, with and without HT.Methods: We analyzed 167 women with PCOS diagnosed using ESHRE/ASRM criteria divided on PCOS with HT (PCOSwithHT, N=27, age: 25.8±5.2 years, BMI: 28.5±7.3 kg/m2) and without...

Introduction: Turner syndrome (TS), defined by the loss of X chromosome material, affecting 1/2500 females born. Associated with TS are a variety of comorbidities such as obesity and fatty liver disease, many of which increase in prevalence with age. The Turner Syndrome Life Course Project at UCLH has collected data on over 800 women over the last 20 years. Annual health surveillance in our adult TS clinic allows for screening for liver enzymes, such as Alanine Transaminase (A...

Introduction: Progress in the field of infertility research and an increasing number of In Vitro Fertilizations (IVF) with intensive approach to sterility has opened new doubts about the impact of thyroid gland in the conception as well as pregnancy outcomes. Standard access to the levels of TSH and interpretation values as subclinical or clinical forms of hypothyroidism in this population has not proved to be quite correct.After the IVF guidelinesses begun to emphasize the am...

Introduction: The 17 α-hydroxylase deficiency is a rare form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. It is characterized by amenorrhea, impuberism, hypertension and hypokalemia. We report a case of 17α-hydroxylase deficiency in a patient with a 46,XX karyotype, which contrasted with the absence of Mullerian duct.Case report: An18-year-old female was referred for primary amenorrhea. Her parents were cousins. Her sister, who had the same features, die...

Background: Transpersons can receive gender affirming hormone therapy (HT) to induce physical changes. Little is known about the effect of HT on breast cancer (BC) risk.Objectives: To study the prevalence and characteristics of BC in transpersons with HT and to compare this prevalence with the general Dutch male and female population.Methods: Adult transpersons who were seen after 1991 and started HT in the VUmc were included. This...

Introduction: Gestational diabetes(GDM) is a kind of diabetes that can happen during pregnancy. Many women who have GDM, get type 2 diabetes later in life. GDM is more likely for women who are overweight, women with family members who have type 2 diabetes and women who are American Indian. During pregnancy of healthy women, it is usual for blood lipids to increase significantly. Total cholesterol, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol increase 25-50%, triglycerides increase twice to four t...

Introduction: In women, androgens are produced by adrenal glands and ovaries. In peripheral tissues, they result from a conversion of present androgens in the blood circulation. Androgens measurement are of interest in the exploration of hirsutism.Materiel and methods: Retrospective study was conducted over 12 months from January, 2016 to December 2017 in Biochemistry Laboratory of Habib Bourguiba Hospital. Testosterone and prolactin assay were performed...

Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) is defined as impairement of ovarian function in women under 40 years, with a incidence between 1-4% in women of reproductive age. Among the major identified causes of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency, genetic factors related with X-chromosome are widely described. However, autosome defects are less common found and are related generally with genetic mutations instead of structural abnormalities of them. Thefor, we report a relevant case of...