Endocrine Abstracts

Background: The relationship between diabetes and COVID-19 is known to be bidirectional. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and hyperglycemia are important risk factors for poor outcomes in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia.Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of glycemic control pre- and after admission, on outcomes of hospitalised patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.Methods: A total of 400 ho...

Objective: For women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) weight gain and obesity exacerbate insulin resistance and increase the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiometabolic diseases. The PCOS Phenotype in Unselected Populations (P-PUP) study includes individual participant data (IPD) from eleven well characterised, multiethnic and unselected populations globally. The aim of this study was to assess risk of obesity in women with and without PCOS according to ethnicity and age....

Aims: Charcot foot (CF) is a rare complication of T2DM, progressively leads to bone deformities of the lower extremities. The aim of this study was to record baseline characteristics of patients with CF.Patients and methods: A multicenter retrospective cohort study (n=774), including all patients diagnosed with CF from eight Diabetic Foot Clinics in 6 countries between 01/01/1996 and 31/12/2022, was performed. Data regarding duration and complic...

Introduction: Screening for gestational diabetes (GD) in the first trimester using fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥92 mg/dl is routinely performed in several countries. However, evidence on the benefits and harms of early universal screening, as well as the optimal cut-off of FPG, is conflicting. This results in lack of standardised screening and treatment approaches for GD worldwide.Aims: o compare the use of pharmacological treatment and pregnancy ...

Background: Multiple studies demonstrated increased incidence of obesity, as well as associated morbidity, such as the metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease, in childhood cancer survivors (CCS). Still, data regarding the rates and the timeline of obesity as well as of specific risk factors are inconsistent.Aim: To evaluate the rate of overweight and obesity in CCS, to characterize longitudinal changes in weight status, and to identify predictors ...

Background and Aim: Betatrophin has been observed to play an important role in regulating lipid and glucose metabolism, at least in adults. FGF21 is one of the members of endocrine arm of FGF family and its actions as a glucose and lipids metabolism regulator. FGF21 is rapidly emerging as an attractive target in the treatment of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. They may serve as both risk factors and biomarkers of chronic metabolic disorders. This study aimed to investi...

Background: Poor glycemic control in patients with type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a strong risk risk factor for the development of complications and is associated with increased mortality. A growing body of evidence has demonstrated a role of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) in glucose homeostasis. The EGF contributes to the function, survival and proliferation of the β cells of the pancreas. The EGF also influences the action of insulin via the modulation of insul...

Introduction: Gestational diabetes (GD) is defined as a glucose intolerance firstly recognized during pregnancy and it is the severity of hyperglycaemia which is relevant to maternal and foetal risks. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends screening before 15 weeks of gestation for women at risk, using standard diagnostic criteria, and defines early abnormal glucose metabolism as fasting glucose 110-125 mg/dl or HbA1c 5.9-6.4%. However, the benefit of treating wome...

Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common endocrinopathy in pregnancy. Its management is based on hygienic and dietary measures associated, if needed, with insulintherapy. Therapeutic goals must be quickly reached in order to limit complications. GDM has some therapeutic and progressive particularities which could alter the quality of life of patients. The aim of our study was to evaluate the nutritional intake of a population of women with GDM and t...

Introduction: Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is a potentially fatal infection caused by the acute respiratory syndrome virus coronavirus-2. Diabetes is one of the most distinct comorbidities of COVID-19. Our study describes the clinical characteristics of diabetic patients with COVID-19 to identify factors predictive of the occurrence of complications and death in these patients.Materials and methods: This was a retrospective, monocentric study that include...

Introduction: Sitosterolemia is a rare lipid disorder characterised by excessive accumulation of phytosterols in the body. There are fewer than 110 cases worldwide, and to our knowledge, there are no reported cases of adult Sitosterolemia from South-East Asia. We report our experience in diagnosing a middle-aged Chinese lady from Singapore with Sitosterolemia.Case Report: A 45-year-old Chinese lady was referred to the Endocrinology clinic in Oct 2022 by ...

Exercise training and liraglutide have been shown to be effective in promoting weight loss, improving glycemic control, and regulating blood lipid levels, especially in animal models and patients with obesity and diabetes. However, their combined effects on body composition, glucose, and lipid metabolism in healthy aging models have not been studied yet. In this study, we used apparently healthy middle-aged (16-month-old) female Wistar rats that underwent ovariectomy (Ovx) to ...

Background: Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease(MASLD) is considered a potential independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease(CVD) as it shares a common risk factor with CVD. We investigated the association with cardiovascular risk according to the metabolic risk factors in patients with MASLD.Methods: This nationwide study included 1,710,144 individuals aged 40–79 years who underwent health check-ups between 2009 and 2012...

Introduction: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD, formerly called non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease, affecting 25% adult population worlwide. Its most advanced form is the metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, or MASH which may progress to cirrhosis. It has no approved pharmacotherapy yet, and weight reduction is an important therapeutic option. Few studies have evaluated the effect of...

Introduction: Obesity is a chronic disease whose association with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, including heart failure, is well established. Not only is obesity intricately connected with an increased prevalence of concurrent risk factors, such as coronary artery disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obstructive sleep apnea, but it also exerts a direct impact on myocardial structure and pump performance. Over time, prolonged obesity fosters cardiac...

Introduction: The prevalence of hepatic steatosis in people with obesity is very high. However, what is relevant is to detect those patients with associated fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to predict by artificial intelligence (AI) using clinical-analytical parameters, the presence of liver fibrosis in the biopsy performed during bariatric surgery (BS) of patients with obesity.Subjects and methodology: Cross-sectional study of patients with ob...

Introduction: The escalating prevalence of obesity worldwide increases the risk of chronic diseases and diminishes life expectancy with growing economic burden necessitating intervention. The existing tiered approach to weight management, particularly specialist Tier 3 services, falls short of meeting the population’s needs. The emergence of digital health tools, while promising, lacks exploration in specialized NHS weight management services (WMS)....

Introduction: In the past few years, advances in technology applied to diabetes have significantly changed the type 1 diabetes management. However, only a minority of patients with type 1 diabetes achieves the recommended glycemic goals. Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop (AHCL) systems, which combine continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) with a continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) pump and a control algorithm, improve glycemic control and patient-reported outcomes, such as ...

Aims: Few studies investigated the association of genetic difference in metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) gene with diabetic retinopathy but with mixed outcome. The aim of the study is to investigate the association between a set of MMP-2 genetic variants and the risk of diabetic retinopathy in an Arab Tunisian population with type 2 diabetes.Subjects and Methods: A retrospective case-control study involving 779 type 2 diabetes patients with or without diabeti...

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases the risk of any form of cardiovascular (CVD) and renal disease. Their identification is important for a further careful monitoring and treatment in all aspects. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have been associated with a remarkable reduction of cardiovascular and renal mortality, lower hospitalization rates for heart failure and lower progression of renal damage and albuminuria. Our study aim to assess SGLT2i ef...

Background: Diabetes and renal disease are global burden with increasing prevalence, respectively. Moreover, they are closely related because diabetic nephropathy itself is well known serious complication of diabetes. However, the significance of decreasing fasting blood glucose on the risk of renal complications remains unclear. We identified the effect of chanes in fasting serum glucose level without diabetes mellitus on the renal complication in Korean adults.<p class="...

Introduction: Insulin resistance is classically a feature of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). It may also develop among patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) increasing the risk of cardiovascular mortality. Metabolic syndrome (MS) reflects a state of IR. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of MS in a population of young adults with T1D and compare it to healthy controls.Methods: We conducted a case control study including 68 T1D patients and 6...

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is common in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with prevalence ranging from 20-50% and up to 85% in obese T2DM. However, OSA remains largely undiagnosed due to the high cost of testing and limited availability of sleep clinics, particularly in developing countries. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of type 2 diabetic patients at high risk of OSA and to identify factors associated with OSA in this popula...

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance and the failure of pancreatic beta cells to compensate. T2D and its complications have reached epidemic proportions worldwide over the past four decades [1]. A very rare condition known as Type B Insulin Resistance (TBIR) is characterized by severe insulin resistance and the presence of circulating autoantibodies (autoAb) directed...

Background: &Acy;growing body of evidence suggests that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may contribute to the the development and deterioration of heart failure (HF) with either reduced or preserved ejection fraction. On the other hand, diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is associated with a high risk and wors&iecy; outcomes of HF. However, the relationship between DKD and various types of HF hasn’t been fully investigated. The aim of this study was to assess the association b...

Severe or profound hyponatremia, defined by a serum sodium level below 125 mmol/l5, presents a critical challenge with potential grave neurological consequences. We present a case of a middle-aged woman in her late 50s with a history of depression, bipolar affective disorder, chronic gastritis and hyperlipidaemia presented to the acute medical assessment unit with a five-day history of severe vomiting, profuse diarrhoea, generalized weakness and multiple falls in th...

Background: The genotyped Mexico City Prospective Study (MCPS) cohort enables the causal effects of adiposity on lipids to be explored in an overweight Hispanic population with scarce statin use.Methods: MCPS participants aged 35-84 years, with baseline nuclear magnetic resonance measurements of blood lipids, and not using lipid-lowering therapy at recruitment were included. Using the Mendelian randomisation one-sample ratio method, univariable and multi...

Ntroduction and Aim: The use of sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors has importantly improved the management of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the renal and metabolic effects after one year of SGLT-2 use in a cohort of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII).Methods: Retrospective observational study in adult patients...

Introduction: Prolonged use of Metformin is associated with the development of vitamin B12 deficiency. The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship of clinical manifestations similar to diabetic polyneuropathy with vitamin B12 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Materials and methods: We examined 35 patients with type 2 diabetes taking Metformin. Mean age 55.9&pm;11.5 years, mean diabetes duration 9.2&pm;7.7 years. All patients w...

Introduction: Gestational diabetes or gestational diabetes is an increase in blood sugar levels that appears during pregnancy and disappears after delivery. It has an impact on the health of both mother and child.Our objective: was to detect predisposing factors for remission in patients followed for gestational diabetes after delivery on a hygienic diet, versus on insulin therapy.Patients and Methods: Our work is a case-control st...

Background and Aims: When alcohol abuse and diabetes are combined, the consequences can be unpredictable and cause a double whammy, since both conditions cause similar pathological effects, in particular negative effects on the cardiovascular system.Methods: The patient is 49 years old, male. Height 175 cm, weight 95 kg. BMI 31.02 kg/m2. T2D was diagnosed 10 years ago. At the beginning of the disease, he took oral hypoglycemic drugs (can’...

Background: Depression has a multifaceted nature that is influenced by genetics, molecular mechanisms, and environmental stress. Vitamin D is involved in the development of depression, impacting neurotransmitters and neurological function when deficient, therefore it can be seen as a part of the discourse around depression, as well as preventing, treating and managing the same.Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between low Vitamin D...

Introduction: The pathophysiology of metabolic steatopathy remains complex, prompting numerous inquiries to date. While the isolated presence of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) has been reported in this pathology, their prognostic relevance has not been adequately investigated. The objectives of our study were to: - Examine the prevalence of antinuclear antibodies during metabolic steatopathy. - Investigate the prognostic significance of ANA in metabolic steatopathy.<p class=...

Objective: This systematic review aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) in obese men with testosterone deficiency through the analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).Materials and Methods: A comprehensive computer-based search was conducted in Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Open SIGLE database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, VIP database, and Chi...

Introduction: Obesity is a chronic neurometabolic disorder with complex psychological aspects. Patients with obesity often suffer from eating disorders and altered body image perception and show increased plasma concentrations of oxytocin (OT).Objective and Design: This pilot study investigates the interplay between psychological factors, OT levels, and very-low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD)-induced weight loss. We collected data from patients with over...

Introduction: The prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome among children is rising alarmingly worldwide, so the need is high for an objective and easily manageable predictor, in order to control obesity’s impact on health. Childhood weight gain results from an imbalance between energy expenditure and energy intake, where the intake surpasses the energy requirements, including metabolic rate and growth. Physical inactivity impacts growth and muscle formation and can l...

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus, evolving as a silent epidemic, is a chronic metabolic disease associated with high morbidity and mortality among the patients. In addition to its micro and macrovascular complications as well as its impact on quality of life, evidence has shown that patients with diabetes mellitus are prone to poor sleep quality [1]. This study aims to evaluate the sleep quality (SQ) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to determine possible fac...

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a debilitating, multifactorial disease with a complex mix of genetic and environmental pathomechanisms. For this reason, effective treatment of T2D requires a varied arsenal of therapeutic strategies and indeed, it is an excellent candidate for precision medicine. Essential for this, we need a more detailed understanding of the genetic drivers and how these differ between individuals. There is an ever-intensifying global effort to identify genetic asso...

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a micro-chronic diabetic complication brought on by changes in metabolism and hemodynamics. Inflammatory cytokines, generally IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-18 are linked in the development and advancement of DN. They act as pleiotropic polypeptides regulating inflammatory and immune responses through actions on cells. Fibrinogen is the liver-synthesized protein, with different functions and responses to both acute and chronic stimuli.AimThe a...

Introduction: Cognitive disorders are common in the elderly population. Diabetes accelerates cognitive deterioration in this population. We aimed to estimate the frequency of cognitive disorders in elderly diabetics ubjects.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study including200 elderly diabetic patients. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score. Participants having a score below 26 were considered cognitively impaired.ResultsMedian HbA...

Introduction: Mauriac syndrome is a rare pathology characterized by the presence in an unbalanced type 1 diabetic (T1DM) of delayed stature-weight and puberty, and hepatomegaly with disturbance of the liver balance. We report a case of Mauriac syndrome in a young diabetic to recall the syndrom, as well as the diagnostic criteria.Medical observationThis was a 17-year-old patient, type 1 diabetic since the age of 2, with recurrent ketoacidosis. Admitted to the endocrinology depa...

Introduction: Hypogonadism (HG), a condition characterized by insufficient testosterone levels, is a prevalent concern in men with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Simultaneously, the use of statins and the presence of dyslipidemia are common aspects of the medical management of individuals with T2D. This study investigates the intricate relationship between HG, statin therapy, and dyslipidemia in men with T2D, aiming to unravel potential correlations and shed light on the complex healt...

Aim: Beneficial effects of Jatropha tanjorensis (J. tanjorensis) extracts in African traditional medicinal practices for the management of type 2 diabetes have been reported. However, mechanisms through which these extracts exert their anti-diabetic actions have not been widely studied.Methods and materialsEffects of various aqueous extracts of root, leaf, and bark J. tanjorensis (0-1000 μg/ml) on insulin-release, cytotoxicity and cell viability were investigated using BR...

Issues: In developing nations diagnosis of diabetes brings mental-trauma/depression in family. Focused treatment for pediatric age-group is unavailable in developing-countries. 26% of diagnosed diabetics are children’s. Adequately trained physicians/Nurses in issues of pediatric-diabetes provide continuity of care, relief from depression and smooth transition from diagnosis to treatment. Qualitative collaborative relationship between these makes diabetics life bearable. O...

Aim: There is little real-world evidence comparing the effectiveness of real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rtCGM) and intermittently-scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) in glycemic control, with a large population and long-term follow-up. This study aimed to compare the association of rtCGM and isCGM with glycemic control in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in a real-world setting.Methods: From the Korean National Health Insurance S...

Introduction: While extensive research on the fecal microbiome (FM) has already underscored the gut microbiome’s role in metabolic diseases, it is imperative to recognize its limitations in depicting the entire gastrointestinal tract. Each segment of the tract harbors unique conditions shaping microbial ecosystems, necessitating exploration beyond the FM. The upper small intestine (USI) significantly impacts nutrient digestion and absorption, hinting at its microbiome&#14...

Introduction: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a common feature of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Liver fibrosis has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD).Aim: To investigate whether the fibrosis 4 index (FIB-4), a non-invasive marker of liver fibrosis, is associated with CVD or cancer in patients with T2DM.Methods: Two hundred and nine consecutive T2DM patients...

Background: Chronic kidney disease develops in approximately 40% of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and significantly increases the risk of mortality and cardiovascular morbidity. Finerenone, a novel nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, has demonstrated a significant impact on renal function by reducing proteinuria and preserving glomerular filtration rate in patients with chronic kidney disease. However, the influence of finerenone on kidney funct...

Background: Familial partial lipodystrophy (FPLD) is a rare syndrome in which a patient’s phenotype is not dependent merely on the specific genetic mutation, but also on a combination of other demographic, environmental and genetic factors. In this report, we present a large cohort of novel mutation in FPLD patients from a large referral center in Greece and we investigate the possible relationship between the genetic variations detected and their phenotype and the effect...

Obesity (OB) and type-2 diabetes (T2D) are chronic endocrine-metabolic diseases, associated to insulin-resistance (IR), that represent capital health problems. Fortunately, both pathologies are, at least, partially reversible by dietary interventions, but the potential metabolic, molecular, cellular factors and mechanisms that might be involved in the total/partial reversion of OB/IR/T2D by dietary interventions are poorly known. Thus, in this work, we aimed evaluate the impac...

Background: The risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in PCOS is associated with BMI, but prospective data regarding risk of T2D in PCOS are limited. We investigated prospective risk of T2D in Nordic women with PCOS compared to controls.Methods: National register-based study in women with PCOS and age-matched controls originating from Denmark (PCOS Denmark, (n=27,016, controls, (n=133,994), Finland (PCOS Finland, (n=20,467, controls, (...

Familial Partial Lipodystrophy Syndromes (FPLD) are rare diseases characterized by partial lack of subcutaneous fat resulting in a severe metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular complications. Besides premature cell senescence, 2 main mechanisms are involved in FPLD: impaired adipocyte differentiation and lipid droplet, corresponding to two of the main causes of FPLD: LMNA-related FPLD2 and PLIN-related FPLD4. The objective of this study was to compare the clin...

Aims: The primary aim of this retrospective study was to examine clinical outcomes of patients with diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) and/or osteomyelitis (OM) who attended day services at Sligo University Hospital (SUH) for dalbavancin between November 2020 and August 2023. The secondary aim was to perform a cost analysis of the use of dalbavancin.Methods: Clinical information was obtained from the Prowellness electronic patient record and laboratory results we...

Background and Aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a diagnosis of inclusion relying on a set of metabolic risk factors and the presence of hepatic steatosisis; viscerl obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes (T2D) may often coexist in MAFLD patients. MAFLD is present in up to 80%f of T2D patients. Pioglidazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonist reduce hepatic/visceral fat (HVF) and improve necroinflammation in liver. Du...

Lipodystrophy syndromes are a rare and heterogeneous disease characterized by loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue, deposition of fat in ectopic areas, and consequently metabolic impairment, and its recognition is based on physical examination and clinical history. Because of the complexity of the disease, pregnancy represents a dainty and challenging event, still understudied. Here we report a case of a 28 year-old Caucasian female followed for type 2 diabetes and hypertriglyc...

Background: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are proven to boost serum testosterone levels in men with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and functional hypogonadism. Nevertheless, the therapeutic potential of this class of drugs on erectile dysfunction (ED) has yet to be entirely studied in men with T2D and functional hypogonadism.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 108 outpatients (60 [56, 65] years) with T2D and complaining o...

Background: In patients affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) a high prevalence of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) has been reported, even if there is no consensus on its pathogenic mechanisms. In addition to acquired causes, an individual predisposition has also been suggested. The understanding ofPurpose: The aim of this observational study is to assess: (1) the prevalence of hypogonadism in T2DM using the validated criteria from the EMAS stud...

Background: Given the high prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) in clinical endocrinology, diabetology, and primary care practice, international societies have addressed guidelines to drive clinicians in screening, diagnosis, and treatment for this condition.Aim: compare the most recent guidelines to address similarities and differences and help clinicians choosing the most updated evidence. We considered Italian guidelines (2021), AACE...

Background: The term ‘Diabesity’ defines the complex relationship between obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), that involves the convergent role of insulin resistance and chronic inflammation in amplifying the risk of systemic complications. To date, this link has not been fully characterized in terms of markers of tissue damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the newly diagnosed glycemic alterations and the biomarkers of tis...

Background and Aim: The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index has been proposed as a marker of insulin resistance. This study aims to evaluate the utility of the TyG index in routine practice for predicting diabetes, prediabetes, and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in obese individuals.Methods: The study retrospectively analyzed data from obese individuals at our outpatient clinic. The study recorded patient characteristics such a...

Objective: Increasing obesity rates are causing a surge in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) prevalence which may progress further to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) to cirrhosis. The utility of Fibroscan was shown in stratifying risk for significant liver disease in patients with obesity but it has a limited availability. The aim of the study was to compare the accuracy of Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4)) score to diagnose advanced fibrosis in overweight and obesity patients....

Introduction: The coexistence of type 2 diabetes in patients with metabolic steatopathy is quite common due to a shared pathophysiology of the two conditions, primarily centered around insulin resistance. The objective of our study was to investigate the impact of type 2 diabetes on the prognosis of metabolic steatopathy.Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, single-center descriptive study that collected all cases of metabolic steatopathy pre...

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is characterized by increased insulin resistance. There is a link between perinatal depression or anxiety and GDM. Mental health problems are associated with higher insulin resistance and could explain the underlying association between GDM and depression or anxiety symptoms. We investigated the trajectories and associations between symptoms of mental health and well-being with insulin resistance and metabolic health in women wit...

Type I diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by an autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic β-cells that leads to absolute insulin deficiency. However, T1DM individuals undergoing exogenous insulin therapy may show partial remission of endogenous insulin secretion and better insulin sensitivity, and this remission may range between few months to many years. This partial remission is known as the ‘honeymoon phase,’ and extending the duration of this remission h...

Introduction: Autoantibodies against insulinoma-associated antigen-2 (anti-IA2) are an important marker for diagnosis and prediction of new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Here we report on a new prototype Anti-IA2 ELISA with shorter total incubation time (3h15min) compared to the established EUROIMMUN Anti-IA2 ELISA (minimum 17h40min). The study evaluates the performance of the prototype assay.Methods: The clinical performance of the prototype EL...

Background: Patients with transfusion-dependent β -thalassemia (TDT) often experience several endocrine complications, including diabetes mellitus (DM). In TDT, the reliability of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) assessment is compromised due to elevated erythrocytes turnover and frequent transfusions. Glycated Albumin (GA), a product of non-enzymatic albumin glycation, has been investigated as a medium-term glycaemic marker (21 days) in the general diabetic population. Since...

1=School of Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK 2= Department of Biochemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria3= IRiD Biosciences, Wilding Road, Ball Green, Stoke-on-Trent, ST6 8BQAim: Vernonia amygdalina extract is used traditionally for type 2 diabetes treatment in developing countries. Studies have reported antidiabetic properties of aqueous...

Background and aim: Renal transplantation is considered to be the best renal replacement therapy for patients with end-stage renal disease. Posttransplant complications include NODAT, which is now considered to be determinant of loss of renal allograft, development of infections, and increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Prevalence of NODAT vary, from 2% - 53%.Materials and methods: We examined the characteristics and risk factors for NODAT in patie...

Introduction: Diabetes is a major public health problem with a growing prevalence and heavy socio-economic impact. Its severity is closely linked to the complications it can cause, which can be prevented when detected early. The aim of this study was to assess the epidemiological and clinico-biological profile of patients with degenerative complications of type 2 diabetes in our department.Methods: This was a prospective study that included all type 2 di...

Introduction: Primary Pulmonary Hypertension (PPH) is a condition defined by atypically high blood pressure in the vessels in the lungs and heart. Due to the high blood pressure in the pulmonary system, the arteries in the lungs shrink and reduce oxygen flow throughout the body. It is characterized by shortness of breath and chest pain, and can often be linked with heart disease, lung disease, or connective tissue disease. Patients with PPH are typically treated with Sildenafi...

Introduction: Liver Steatosis(LS) can be one of the metabolic complications of Cushing Syndrome(CS). The data on the impact of cortisol on liver function are very limited, and there is only one study reporting a prevalence of LS of roughly 20%. Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI) predicts LS based on ALT, AST, BMI, sex and co-existence of diabetes mellitus/impaired glucose intolerance.Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of LS in patients with CS at the time...

Introduction and objective: Treatment with integrated continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGM) helps to improve glycaemic control in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1). There is increasing use in pregnant women, but there are no protocols for its continuation during delivery. The aim of this work is to analyse glycaemic control during pregnancy, in addition to studying obstetric and neonatal outcomes.<p class="...

Introduction: We conducted a prospective study to compare the efficacy of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices versus capillary blood glucose (CBG) in the glycemic control of inpatient type 2 diabetes on intensive insulin therapy. The use of CGM was associated with improved glycemic control, including an increased time in range (TIR) and reduced hyperglycemic events, being safe concerning hypoglycemias. The present study is the cost-effectiveness analysis associated wit...

The transcriptional activator Bmal1, reaching acrophase in the morning and bathyphase in the evening, is the main regulator of circadian clock. A mutual interaction between circadian clock and glucocorticoids (GCs) has been described as well as their implication in muscle metabolism. The current in vitro study aims at investigating Bmal1 involvement in muscle catabolism induced by GCs circadian exposure. To this aim, mouse myocytes C2C12 were serum-shocked to synchron...

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for micro-macrovascular complications and increases the risk of hospitalization, and adverse events. Early detection of impending deterioration can prompt interventions and prevent adverse events. Early warning systems (EWS) combined with rapid response teams can mitigate adverse events in the hospital setting. Machine learning-based EWS can use electronic health record data and automatically alert the care team with enough time...

Background: Asprosin, a novel glucogenic adipokine, is encoded by two exons (exon 65 and exon66) of the gene Fibrillin 1 (FBN1) and mainly synthesized and released by white adipose tissue during fasting. Asprosin plays a complex role in the central nervous system (CNS), peripheral tissues, and organs. It is involved in appetite, glucose metabolism, insulin resistance (IR) and cell apoptosis.Objective: The aim of the current study was to determine the lev...

Background and purpose: Obese men often exhibit hypoandrogenemia. Although previous research has established obesity and metabolic-related disorders as key factors contributing to decreased androgens in males, there are rare studies to comprehensively understand the correlation between sex hormones and obesity, as well as metabolic indicators, particularly in non Caucasian populations. This study aims to comprehensively investigate the relationship between sex hormones and obe...

Aim: Obesity can be addressed through lifestyle interventions like modifying diet and engaging in physical activity. In cases where these measures prove ineffective, there is the option of administering medication (RxOb) or of surgical intervention. Sentiment analysis (SA) is an automated procedure employed to extract emotional information prevalent in a given body of text. Specifically, SA enables the determination of the "sentiment polarity" –whether the overall...

Background: Dumping syndrome (DS) and post-bariatric hypoglycemia (PBH) are some of the most challenging problems encountered during the follow-up of bariatric surgery (BS), especially after Roux-en-y gastric bypass (yRGB). When pharmacological and dietary treatment fail to control DS and PBH, surgical revision is often the next therapeutic step. Endoscopic treatment with argon plasma coagulation (APC) may be an alternative treatment by reducing the diameter of the gastro-jeju...

Background: Obesity is over-represented in patients with psoriasis (PSO) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and associated with higher disease activity and poorer treatment response. A substantial number of studies have highlighted the beneficial effect of weight loss in PSO and PsA disease activity. However, the data regarding the most efficacious diet pattern are scarce. The aim of our study to evaluate the effectiveness of Mediterranean diet (MD) and Ketogenic diet (KD), in pati...

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common cause of neuropathy worldwide, its prevalence increases with diabetes duration (DD). About 60%-70% diabetic patients will eventually develop DPN. Vitamin B12/D (VitB12/D) deficiency is a global public health problem. Around 29.66% of diabetic patients have confirmed B12 insufficiency. Patients on Metformin have statistically lower values of B12 (P= 0.01). Vitamin D deficiency is considered to be a contributing fa...

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus is a significant metabolic condition characterized by its widespread occurrence and associated complications. Reports indicate that DM impacts 25% of the global population. The way individuals handle their existing illnesses throughout their lifetimes is crucial in terms of uncertainty and self-care behaviors within chronic diseases such as DM. The connection between individuals’ physiological parameters (HbA1c etc.) and uncertainty, as wel...

Introduction: Eating disorders (ED) are more prevalent among obese individuals with type 2 diabetes than in the general population. The co-occurrence of diabetes and ED can impair metabolic control, resulting in earlier and more severe degenerative complications, as well as increased morbidity and mortality. This study aims to assess the prevalence of eating disorders in obese patients with type 2 diabetes.Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was ...

Introduction: The interplay between type 2 diabetes (T2D), male hypogonadism (HG), and inflammation has emerged as a fascinating area of medical research. Understanding the complex relationship among these factors is crucial for advancing our knowledge.Methods: The study focused on 250 adult male patients with T2D recruited from outpatient clinics at the National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology. A thorough assessment of gonadal hormones, inclu...

Introduction: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and celiac disease are two frequently associated autoimmune pathologies. The association with hepatomegaly raises discussion of many diagnosis.Case presentation: We report the case of a 12-years-old T1DM girl admitted at department C of the national institute of nutrition of Tunis for diabetic ketosis. She has T1DM since 5 years, with poor glycemic control (HbA1C=10%) and poor therapeutic adherence. On examin...

Background: Hypercholesterolemia has an established causal role in the progression of atherosclerosis and development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In studies carried out after 2002, the estimated prevalence of self-reported dyslipidemia in the Greek population ranges from 11% to 23%, whereas approximately 35% of mortality in Greece is attributed to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Relevant real-life data, however, are scarce.Methods: In the present stud...

Introduction and Objective: Incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is rapidly increasing resulting in significant metabolic disorders and complications. Dapagliflozin and sitagliptin have complimentary mechanism of action and have shown synergistic effects in controlling blood glucose levels with advantage of low risk of hypoglycemia. Use of fixed dose combinations (FDC) is associated with improved patient compliance. This is an Age Stratified analysis of electronic medic...

Background: Tirzepatide is a GLP-1/GIP co-agonist treatment for type 2 diabetes. Participants in the SURPASS trials were GLP-1RA naïve, but in clinical practice many patients are switched from other GLP-1RAs.Aims: To explore effects of prior GLP-1RA treatment on tirzepatide therapy outcomes.Methods: Review of clinical data from an outpatient Diabetes centre. Adults with 6 months follow-up post tirzepatide initiation were inclu...

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the main hepatic manifestation of obesity. MASLD was recently defined as liver steatosis in the presence of at least one cardiometabolic risk factor and reduced or absent alcohol intake. MASLD prevalence is rapidly increasing, thus becoming the fastest growing aetiology of the most common primary liver cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and the leading cause of liver transplantation in HCC patients. Curre...

Background: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is an increasingly important diabetes technology that has the potential to facilitate the avoidance of low glucose values. However, there is a paucity of information on admitted patients’ characteristics, management, and outcomes of those admitted with hypoglycaemia despite being on CGM.Objective: To explore the characteristics of the patient population, precipitating factors and outcomes of people adm...

Introduction: Diabetes, a disease on the rise worldwide, requires patients to make constant adjustments to their lifestyle. During the month of Ramadan, diabetic patients face additional challenges. The cultural practices associated with this month modify diet, sleep and physical activity, exposing patients to an increased risk of acute complications or decompensation of chronic complications. This study aims to analyze the prevalence and mechanisms of acute metabolic, cardiov...

Introduction: Vitamin B1 (VB1) deficiency can occur in patients with obesity and after bariatric surgery (BS). Nevertheless, pre-operative measurements of VB1 are still controversial. The relationship between serum VB1 and weight loss after BS has not been reported previously.Objectives: To study the association between pre-operative VB1 levels and weight loss after BS.Methods: Retrospective study of patients submitted to bariatric...

Background: The prevalence of reproductive disturbances in women with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is high compared to the general population. One reason might be higher prevalence of Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in T1DM. In Sweden, with a high incidence of T1DM, the prevalence of PCOS in women with T1DM is not known. Neither is the T1DM-PCOS pathophysiology.Aim: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the prevalence of PCOS in a ...

Background: Prediabetes, a subclinical precursor to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that currently affects approximately 374 million adults worldwide, is a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease and stroke, in addition to T2DM. Prediabetes can be reversed to normoglycemia; hence, we aimed to quantify the role of metabolic risk factors in prediabetes regression to normoglycemia.Methods: We utilized the Obesity, Diabetes, and Cardiovascu...

Background: Prediabetes (PD) is a significant risk factor diabetes mellitus (DM) and as such, behavioral interventions are the primary management for PD. High blood glucose levels alter circulating NLRP3 inflammasome complex activity and correlated interleukins (ILs). There is limited data available on the activity of NLRP3 inflammasome and ILs in sera of patients with PD that may or may have not developed DM. This interventional study assessed the effects of NLRP3 inflammasom...

Background: Asprosin is a recently discovered hormone that plays a role in regulating glucose homeostasis and energy metabolism. It is produced in white adipose tissue and released into the bloodstream in response to fasting, stimulating the liver to produce glucose. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, is known to contribute to the chronic low-grade inflammation seen in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It also plays a role in insulin resistance and i...

Background: The association between diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy with vascular and endothelial properties is well-established. In this study, we compared the effect of combined treatment with dulaglutide and dapagliflozin versus DPP-4 inhibitors on endothelial glycocalyx, arterial stiffness, myocardial function and albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and albuminuria.Methods: A total of 60 patients with type 2 diabetes mell...

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by the pathological increase of lipid droplets, altered fat metabolism in hepatocytes and increased inflammation. Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) modulates the inflammatory responses and its inhibitor can strongly reduce TNF-α release and inflammation. Additionally, PDE4 knockout mice were shown to be resistant to diet-induced obesity (DIO). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of pharmacological PDE4 inhi...

Introduction: Various technological advances have infiltrated modern clinical practice. This is especially true for the management of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). User-friendly and convenient smartphone applications like Dexcom and Freestyle Libre have positively contributed towards the control and monitoring of diabetes for patients across the globe. Simulation via Instant Messaging –Birmingham Advance (SIMBA) conducted a virtual training session for clinicians in ma...

Background: The crosstalk between the adrenal gland and different fat depots is largely unknown. As primary hyperaldosteronism leads to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and associated pathologies (glucose intolerance, diabetes, hyperlipidemia), elucidating the interaction between aldosterone producing adenomas (APAs) and different fat depots might help to understand causality and open new diagnostic and treatment strategies.Methods: Subcutaneo...

The adipose tissue is an endocrine organ distributed over multiple depots and broadly categorised into two main subtypes: white adipose tissue which stores energy as lipids and brown adipose tissue which dissipates energy in the form of heat. Adipocytes from the white depots are able to switch from a white to a brown-like phenotype, a process called beiging. This phenomenon is stimulated by cold exposure or sympathetic nervous system activation and is associated with improved ...

Background: Lately, a few studies have showed different results regarding the relationship between metabolically healthy obesity and various cancers. We investigated the impact of metabolically healthy obesity on pancreatic cancer using a nationwide population-based cohort database.Methods: Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service–Health Screening Cohort, we enrolled 347,434 Korean adults who underwent a health examination between 2009 and...

Objectives: Energy-based devices (EBD) have been used as a treatment for abdominal obesity, although its effects on visceral fat are not well known.Methods: Twenty patients with abdominal obesity were treated with EBD (10 sessions of 60 minutes, and 20 minutes with capacitive and resistive electrodes temperature 45 ° C). We analysed anthropometric changes; visceral and subcutaneous fat was quantified by magnetic resonance imaging and blood samples w...

Background and Objective: Fixed-dose combination (FDC) of dapagliflozin+metformin+sulfonylurea with complementary mechanisms can provide effective glycaemic control, preserve beta-cell function, improved compliance without risk of weight gain, and reno-protective action in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. This subgroup analysis aimed to assess efficacy and safety of triple-drug FDC versus (vs) two-drug combination in T2DM Indian patients with HbA1c 9%-11%.<p class...

Introduction: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most common and early manifested complication in adults with type 2 diabetes leading to severe repercussions including foot ulcers, amputations and chronic pain. Furthermore painful diabetic neuropathy can also negatively impact a wide range of key human physiological processes including sleep disturbance [1]. The aim of our study was to determine the effect of neuropathic pain on sleep component.<p class="ab...

Introduction: The effect of cholecalciferol on regulation of the lipid profile is one of the proposed mechanisms for the relationship between cholecalciferol deficiency and cardiovascular diseases in patients with diabetes mellitus.The aim of the study: To evaluate the dependence between cholecalciferol status and dyslipidemia in patients with different phenotypes of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA).Material and methods:...

Introduction: Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus, which seriously affect patients’ lives. Vitamin D deficiency is linked to the presence of inflammation and hyperglycemia, so it could be considered as a high risk factor for DPN. In this study we evaluated vitamin D level in diabetic patients and the association between vitamin D level and occurrence of diabetic neuropathy.Materials and methods: Our stu...

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), impacting the kidneys. Ultrasound serves as a valuable tool for evaluating manifestations of metabolic syndrome and nephropathy [1-3]. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of ultrasound (US) as a predictive diagnostic tool for identifying specific variants of nephropathy in patients with DM.Methods: Thirty individuals with diabetes (age 38-76, 18 females) req...

Introduction: Lower limb amputation is associated with high morbidity and mortality. As a middle-income country, we are particularly vulnerable to diabetes-related problems. The aim of this study is to identify significant risk factors for amputations.Materials and methods: This is a prospective descriptive study conducted from June 2020 to June 2022 on 102 patients hospitalized for diabetic foot at the Endocrinology-Diabetology Department of Oran Univer...

Introduction/Aim: MIDD (maternally inherited diabetes and deafness) and MELAS (mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, stroke-like episodes) are rare, maternally inherited, multisystem disorders caused by mitochondrial DNA mutations. We present the case of a patient with mitochondrial diabetes and discuss the diagnostic challenges.Case presentation: A 25-year-old female patient with a 7-year history of diabetes mellitus (DM) and suboptimal glyc...

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common complication of diabetes and it has a significant impact on national and global health. Accumulation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGE) is recognized as a contributing factor in the development of diabetic complications. The evaluation of AGE has the potential to be an important biomarker in DR, reflecting the impact of prolonged high glucose levels on long-term metabolic memory.Aim: Th...

Introduction: Hypogonadism (HG), a condition characterized by low levels of testosterone, is a common issue in men, particularly those with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The relationship between glycemic control and HG has been a topic of interest in recent years. In this study, we aimed to investigate the influence of glycemic control on HG.Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 250 men with T2D aged 40 to 65 years, followed in outpatie...

Hyponatremia generally defined as a serum sodium of less than 135 mmol/l is the most common type of electrolyte imbalance found in older adults. Its mild to moderate forms can predispose patients to falls, fatigue and a general decline. Severe hyponatremia can contribute to seizures, confusion and death. We present a case of a 70-year-old lady with severe symptomatic chronic hyponatremia secondary to SIADH. She also had progressive Alzheimer’s dementia, anxiety, T1DM, hyp...

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY) are hormones secreted from enteroendocrine L cells following a meal that play a key role in regulating insulin secretion and glucose metabolism. Enteroendocrine L cells express calcium-sensing receptors (CaSRs), which serve as a physiological nutrient sensor for the release of hormones from the gastrointestinal tract. While calcium is the primary ligand for CaSR, its activity can also be controlled by amino acids and polyami...

Aim: Previous reports indicate therapeutic potentials of tigerinin-1R, isolated from the skin secretions of Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, as an antidiabetic agent. Despite the report of its insulin-releasing effects, the peptide’s mechanism of actions is poorly understood. This study investigates the impact of conjugation of tigerinin-1R with (dAla2)-GIP on the cellular uptake and anti-diabetic actions of the peptide.Method: Amphipathicity, net...

Introduction: Endocrinopathies, characterized by dysfunctions in the endocrine system and its hormonal glands, emerge as a significant cause of secondary diabetes. These conditions induce complex disturbances in glucose metabolism, leading to insulin resistance or alterations in insulin production, pivotal factors in the development of secondary diabetes. This study aims to describe the etiological profiles of secondary diabetes and evaluate its evolution after treating the un...

Non-selective hormonal therapy with estradiol attenuates metabolic dysfunction associated to post menopause. However, its effectiveness decreases over-time, and is associated hormone-dependent cancers development. Conversely, beta-type estradiol receptor (ERβ) activation has been showing promising outcomes in basic research, improving hepatic response to energy overload insult, in addition to presenting antitumor action. Therefore, we evaluated the ability of ERβ to ...

Rationale and purpose: Glucose tolerance often changes in patients with pancreatic lesions and usually worsens after distal pancreatectomy; however, factors affecting interindividual variation in progression are unclear. Our study aimed to investigate the glyco-metabolic status in a series of patients undergoing pancreatic resection for treatment of benign or malignant lesions and risk factors involved in the developing T3cDM.Methods: We conducted an obs...

Introduction: Overweight is a major prognostic factor in metabolic steatopathy. The Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR) has recently been introduced as a clinical marker predictive of cardiovascular complications related to obesity. The objective of our study was to evaluate the performance of this ratio in detecting complications related to metabolic steatopathy (Liver fibrosis and cardiovascular risk).Patients and Methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectio...

Background: Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is usually used to determine carbohydrate metabolism abnormalities in overweight patients. Measurement of glucose and insulin level on demanded 0 and 120 minute and some additional minutes could give information for obesity treatment choice and for patients’ follow-up. The aim of our study is to assess whether glucose and insulin level measurement during oral glucose tolerance test could be used as predictors for treatment ef...

Introduction: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease (CLD). Screening of liver fibrosis by clinical scores is recommended in people with obesity, but their accuracy is still under discussion. Vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) is among the best validated imaging tools to assess liver fibrosis, and is suggested in patients with indeterminate or high-risk clinical scores....

Introduction: Although lifestyle measures and medical therapy are the cornerstone of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) management, achieving optimal glycemic control in T2DM patients with obesity remains challenging. There is strong and consistent evidence that bariatric surgery (BS) is an effective strategy to improve glycemia in diabetic patients and often leads to remission of T2DM in patients with obesity. The majority of the published literature supporting T2DM remission after BS ha...

Introduction: Obesity is the primary element of the metabolic syndrome, wherein one of the key reasons that heightens the risk of cardiovascular problems is the presence of liver fibrosis. Invasive core needle biopsy of the liver is considered the definitive method for diagnosing hepatofibrosis, however, non-invasive fibrosis indicators like FIB-4 are becoming more commonly utilized in routine clinical settings. Obesity can be defined in various ways, with the most prevalent m...

Introduction: The interaction between diabetes and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is little recognized. We hypothesized that diabetes and OSAS act synergistically to increase the risk of right ventricular systolic dysfunction and that treatment of OSAS would improve right ventricular (RV) systolic function in patients with diabetes plus OSAS.Methods: Cross-sectional study including 100 patients with severe OSAS, 49 of whom have associated diabet...

Introduction: Literature data showed the association between serum cholecalciferol concentration and level of anxiety and depression in patients with classical types of diabetes mellitus. However, a clear relationship between these indicators in patients with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) has not yet been established.The aim of the study: To evaluate the dependence between level of anxiety, depression and cholecalciferol status in patients ...

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is notably prevalent in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This syndrome not only elevates cardiovascular risk but is also implicated in the advancement and exacerbation of microangiopathy. The objective of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of diabetic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes who have OSA.Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 130 patients with DT2 who were hospital...

Introduction: Diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA) is a serious acute complication of Diabetes mellitus that can be life - threatening. DKA is most common among people with type 1 diabetes. It is usually presented with hyperglicemia, ketoacidosis and presence of ketone bodies in the urine. Chronic diarrhea(CD) is defined as three or more loose stools daily for at least four weeks. There are many possible causes of chronic diarrhea. The most common causes are: Crohn disease & Ulcerat...

Background: Diabetes mellitus poses a global chronic health challenge, with Tunisia experiencing a concerning surge in type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevalence. Cardiovascular and renal complications are prominent and severe consequences associated with T2D. Evaluating the costs related to managing these complications is crucial to enhance care quality, optimize resource utilization, and ultimately reduce the growing economic and social burden of this chronic disease.<p class="abs...

Background: In addition to glucose-lowering effects, Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors (SGLT2i) are the preferred treatment of choice in patients with heart failure due to their diuretic effects through glucosuria and natriuresis. However, there is limited data about urinary symptoms associated with SGLT2i use.Objectives: Low urinary tract symptoms such as increased urinary frequency, urgency, or incontinence due to SGLT2i use are not described i...

Hyperandrogenemia (elevated testosterone, T) and metabolic dysfunction are hallmarks of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which can have varying degrees of ovulatory dysfunction. Adipocyte hypertrophy, induced by obesity and hyperandrogenemia, has been suggested to contribute to the systemic low-grade inflammation thought to be one of the drivers leading to reproductive dysfunction in women with PCOS. However, whether hyperandrogenemia and adipocyte hypertrophy per se induce a...