Endocrine Abstracts

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a complex genetic condition, diagnosed based on oligo/anovulation, hyperandrogenemia and polycystic ovaries. Moreover, these women frequently present with obesity, insulin resistance and other signs of metabolic disease. In a gynaecology practice, the great majority of PCOS women present with anovulatory infertility. In fact, it is often suggested that around 20–30% of all infertility is due to PCOS. The medical treatment aiming to restore nor...

Despite that statin treatment substantially reduces cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, many treated patients still experience a high residual risk. Statins lower LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), with limited effects on other lipid parameters. A meta-analysis from 14 randomised trials conducted in high-risk patients reported that statin therapy is effective in reducing the proportional risk for major vascular events by 21% for each mmol/l lowering of LDL-C. However, on average 14%...

Cardiovascular disease is significantly increased in patients with the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. A clustering of risk factors, including dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hypertension, inflammation and coagulation disorders result in an increased risk for cardiovascular events in these patients. PPARs (Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors) and LXRs are ligand-activated transcription factors that control lipid and glucose metabolism, as well as the inflamma...

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a T-cell mediated autoimmune disease in which the insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cells in the islets of Langerhans are destroyed. While the symptoms of the disease have become treatable to a certain extent, even intensive state-of-the-art insulin therapy cannot prevent the development of severe complications in the majority of patients. There is, therefore, a huge and unmet clinical demand for disease intervention, but a cure for T1D does not yet ex...

Clinical features associated with PCOS include obesity, hirsutism or acne, cycle abnormalities and infertility. Therefore, depending on the primary complaint these patients visit different medical specialists such as general practitioner, pediatrician, dermatologist, medical endocrinologist and gynecologist. The variability in primary complaint asks for different approaches in the work-up of these patients. Hence, doctors usually see just a proportion of the overall spectrum o...

Hypoparathyroidism, a rare endocrine disorder of insufficient parathyroid hormone, leads to hypocalcemia and often hyperphosphatemia. The PARADOX study assessed the clinical and personal disease impact from the affected patients’ perspective.Patients ≥18 years and diagnosed ≥6 months ago completed a non-validated, self-reported, web-based survey.Three hundred and seventy-four US adults (mean age, 49 years; women, 8...

IntroductionA high calcium-phosphate product is thought to increase the risk of soft tissue calcification in hypoparathyroidism, including cataracts. Based on small case series, cataracts in hypoparathyroidism typically develop in the posterior subcapsular region of the lens. However, the mechanism of cataract formation is still not well understood.Materials and methodsIn a large cohort of 1014 patients with ...

Context: Normocalcemic hyperparathyroidism (NHPT) is considered as an earlier or milder phenotype compared to traditional primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). To make a correct diagnosis, secondary hyperparathyroidism due to low calcium intake must be excluded. Whether calcium intake might affect presentation of PHPT vs NHPT has never been addressed consistently.Objective: To describe patients with a diagnosis of NHPT or PHPT in relation to their calcium ...

Chronic hypoparathyroidism is a rare mineral homeostasis disorder managed by conventional therapy (oral calcium and active vitamin D), alone or with adjunctive rhPTH(1-84). Chronic hypoparathyroidism is associated with considerable symptom burden, which can interfere with daily living. We report results from a web-based, cross-sectional survey conducted among adults with chronic hypoparathyroidism. The objectives were to quantify the impact on overall life interference of (1) ...

Background: Primary hyperaldosteronism (PA) is a prevalent, but underdiagnosed syndrome. Diagnosis and treatment have been relatively constant since the development of the latest Endocrine Society guidelines in 2016.Study objective: Baseline characteristics, treatment and follow-up of subjects with PA referred for adrenal venous sampling (AVS) in a tertiary hospital since 2009 are presented.Results: Thirty five subjects (M/F: 17/18...