Endocrine Abstracts

We report a 47-year old lady who was initially diagnosed to have primary hypothyroidism nearly four years ago; on treatment with levothyroxine sodium (LT4) 150 μcg daily. Despite reasonable doses of LT4, and being fully compliant with her therapy, at no stage her TSH was less than 20 mU/L (Table-1). Malabsorption was ruled out and there were no clinical features to suggest this. When she was reviewed...

Background: Fasting during Ramadan is an obligatory duty for all healthy adult Muslims. However, a lot of type 2 diabetic Muslim patients insist on fasting whatever their condition. There are several potential physiological benefits from fasting, but the prolonged fasting hours during summer provides many questions about safety and efficacy of different insulin regimens for treatment of type 2 diabetic patients during Ramadan. So we aimed in this study is to assess safety and ...

Introduction: Fasting in Ramadan is one of the five pillars of Islam. Without relevant medical advice and intervention, fasting can put patients with T2DM at an increased risk of serious complications. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness and safety of available oral anti diabetic drugs in treating type-2 diabetics during Ramadan fasting.Methods: More than 400 T2DM patients were included in this 16-week prospective study, data were coll...

Insulin resistance (IR) with compensatory hyper-insulinemia are key factors involved in the pathogenesis of glucose metabolism disorders (including impaired fasting glucose and glucose tolerance and frank diabetes mellitus) as well as increased thyroid gland volume and nodule prev-alence in patients with metabolic syndrome. On the other hand, thyroid hormone contributes to the regulation of carbohydrates metabolism and pancreatic function. This cross-sectional study investigat...

Background: Obesity and thyroid neoplasia are common endocrinological diseases in the world and Iraq, and risk factors of this cancer are usually unmodifiable but there are some evidences that obesity is associated with increasing prevalence of many malignancies due to proposed pathophysiological mechanisms. Numerous research assessed the connections between thyroid disease outcomes and obesity, but only a small number took TBSRTC into account. The relationship between obesity...

Background and aim: The normal range of thyroid functions during pregnancy differs between ethnic groups. The aim of this work was to assess the thyroid functions in normal pregnant Egyptian females in order to establish a population-specific reference range. Thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO Abs) and thyroid volume were also assessed.Methods: The study included 150 normal pregnant Egyptian females (with no history suggestive of thyroid...

Background: The incidence of adrenal crisis remains constant, despite the introduction of behavioural interventions to educate and empower patients. To increase the success of future behaviour change interventions, theoretically informed and empirically supported behaviour change frameworks are available. The current review aimed to identify and evaluate available evidence of interventions used to prevent adrenal crisis in people with primary adrenal insufficiency to inform fu...

Background: Behavioural interventions have been developed to empower patients with adrenal insufficiency and prevent adrenal crisis. Behavioural theory, such as the theoretical domains framework, can inform future intervention development. The current systematic review aims to describe what techniques have been employed in previous interventions and highlight neglected behavioural barriers that could be targeted in future interventions.Methods: We perfor...

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome is a long lasting, complex, hormonal condition associated with microvascular endothelial dysfunction and strongly related to CIMT changes at an early age. ED represents an initial reversible step in atherogenesis development, so early clinical identification of ED may play a pivotal in the prevention or reversal of progression to atherosclerosis. Also, CIMT is considered as an early marker of atherosclerosisObjective...

Background: Obesity is a common risk factor for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Objective: To examine the prevalence of OSA in women with PCOS.Search sources: Electronic databases [Medline, Embase, Cinahl, PsycInfo, Scopus, Web of Science, Opengrey, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials], conference abstracts, and reference lists of relevant articles. The...