Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness in the world. Retinopathy and nephropathy can still progress in diabetics despite optimal metabolic control. The aim of the present study was to determine whether different degrees of DR (proliferative or non-proliferative) were associated with abnormally modulated hemostatic parameters in patients with type 1 DM.Method: 52 type 1 diabetic patients and 40 healthy controls were enroll...

Introduction: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is an important one of the complications and is detected in almost 30-40% of the patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Besides the well known risk factors, endothelial dysfunction also plays a role in the pathogenesis of DN and diabetic retinopathy. Our aim was to determine flow mediated dilation measurements and serum soluable ET-1, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 levels in T1DM patients with or without inceased albumin excretion and compar...

Introduction: Hypoglycemia is common in people with diabetes who aim to achieve strict glucose control. The neurologic manifestations of hypoglycemia are mostly reversible and includes behavioral changes, difficulty in concentration, confusion, loss of fine motor functions, and seizures. Herein we have presented a case who was pregnant and experienced severe hypoglycemia which led to permanent ataxia.Case: A 26-years-old female patient was brought to our...

Background: PCOS is one of the most common disorders affecting at least 5–10% of women of reproductive age. Increased prevalance of autoimmune thyroiditis and goiter were reported in PCOS patients. This study investigated the prevalance of hypothyroidism, thyroid autoimmunity, ultrasonographic features and presence of nodules in PCOS patients and compare them with the control group. We also aimed to detect correlation of thyroid volume (TV) with serum IGF1 levels in patie...

Macroprolactinemia is reportedly 10–25% in patients with hyperprolactinemia (1). Prolactin plays a major role in breast development (2). Macromastia, gigantomastia, breast hypertrophy are used interchangeably (3). Most authors conclude that gigantomastia cannot be treated medically and only resolves with surgical manoeuvres (4). We report a case with gigantomastia diagnosed with macroprolactinemia and treated with cabergolin.Case: A 44-year-old woma...

Background: Prolactin secreting pituitary adenomas (prolactinomas) is the most common pituitary adenoma. The magnitude of prolactin secretion in prolactinomas is usually proportionate to the tumor’s size. Invasive giant prolactinoma is a large prolactinoma (>4 cm in dimension) presenting with serum prolactin levels of >1000 ng/ml and mass related clinical symptoms. Giant prolactinoma is rare and usually presents in men.Case report: A 52-year...

Case: A 63-year-old acromegalic woman admitted hospital for lassitude and dizziness. She has been diagnosed acromegaly 10 years ago and had two transsphenoidal operations. Remission wasn’t achieved. Then she started to use lanreotide (somatostatin analogue) and for 7 years she has been treated with it. In laboratory examination, basal plasma GH 1.21 ng/ml (NR:0–5); nadir GH level after glucose tolerance test, 1.2 ng/ml (NR: less than 1); IGF1, 129.1 ng/ml (NR: for ag...

Introduction: Ectopic thyroid tissue is the result of abnormal gland migration from the foramen caecum to its normal pretracheal position. An ectopic thyroid can be lingual (at the base of the tongue), sub-lingual (below the tongue), prelaryngeal (in front of the larynx), or can be found at other rare sites. The most frequent noncervical location for ectopic thyroid tissue is the thoracic cavity. Here we discuss about a rare case of mediastinal ectopic thyroid tissue presentin...

Introduction: Pregnant women with known hypothyroidism must have monthly follow up with thyroid function tests. Appropriate L-thyroxin replacement dose can be given due to trimester specific thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. We will discuss about a hyperthyroid pregnant woman who was taking L-thyroxin replacement before and during the first trimester of pregnancy for hypothyroidism.Case: A 24-year old woman came to o...

Introduction: Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is a simple, the most cost-effective, less invasive and a commonly used diagnostic tool for evaluating thyroid nodules. Recent times a tech-nique called fine-needle sampling non-aspiration (FNNA) or fine-needle capillary thyroid biopsies (FNC) has been more preferred. This technique prevents the use of suction so there is no aspiration crush and there-fore nondiagnostic outcomes are reduced. The aim of this prospective study was to co...