Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1 (APS-1) is a rare autosomal recessive, monogenic disease, that could be presented as a group of various symptoms, but clinical diagnosis requires existence of minimum two of three leading disorders: chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, hypoparathyroidism, and primary adrenocortical insufficiency.Case Presentation: We report the clinical cases of two siblings with APS-1, one 28-year-old male and one 25-ye...

Background: Hyperemesis gravidarum is a rare condition with multiple causes. Diagnosis is based on clinical examination and measurement of urine ketones, serum electrolytes, and renal function. Hyperparathyroidism during pregnancy can rarely be manifested with clinical presentation of hyperemesis gravidarum with substantial maternal and fetal complications. In most cases adequate hydration, with or without forced diuresis, as well as with low calcium content diet is treatment ...

Background: Hypopituitarism is a rare clinical condition which can present as partial or complete absence of pituitary hormones. The most common cause is a sellar or parasellar mass, particularly tumour, and the golden standard for differential diagnosis is magnetic resonance imaging. Intrasellar aneurysm is an unusual cause of hypopituitarism with an estimated incidence of 0,17% of cases.Case presentation: We report a case of a 72-year-old male who was ...

Introduction: The incidence of thyroid nodules is increasing. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of all thyroid nodules is unnecessary, but it is necessary to provide a more precise identification of those nodules that are potentially malignant in nature. In the literature there are several suggested systems for assessing malignancy of nodules in the thyroid gland.Objective: To determine the differences between EU and ACR TIRADS recommendation for fine-needle ...

Introduction: 30% of the adult population has high blood pressure. About 6% of the hypertension may be caused by primary aldosteronism and very rare by primary hyperparathyroidism. The combination of these two causes is very rare.Case report: Our patient is women (age 50) with a 21 year long history of uncontrolled hypertension. Treatment of hypertension consist of a beta-blocker, calcium channel blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, loop di...

Introduction: Some patients develop excessive bone metabolism supression during antiresorptive therapy. Low remodelling rate enables increase in tissue mineralisation density and homogenicity of bone trabeculae. Increase in density makes micro-damage more likely. Increased homogenicity provides less resistance to spread of the micro-cracks and slowed remodelling slows down removal of microdemage. All this leads to increased bone fragility.Aim: To establi...

Many studies show insufficient and inadequate vitamin D and calcium levels in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, thus emphasising the need for supplementation therapy.Aim of the study: To determine vitamin D (25(OH)D) and ionised calcium levels in women treated for postmenopausal osteoporosis at our Clinic in the course of year 2009.Materials and methods: We prospectively followed up 116 women at the age of 59.38±5.55 (mi...

Introduction: Autoimmune thyroid disease is often associated with other autoimmune diseases. Coeliac disease is one of those autoimmune diseases, together with is wide spectrum of intestinal and extraintestinal manifestations. Atrophy of intestinal mucosa, one of the characteristics of coeliac disease, among everything else, leads to poor absorption of l-tyroxine used in therapy of hypothyroidism.Aim and results: We like to present a clinical case of our...

Introduction: Some recent data indicates that high levels of homocysteine (Hcy) can be independent risk factor for osteoporosis and fractures in elderly. There are few explanations how homocysteine influence bone resorption and probably modify effect of therapy for osteoporosis. 1. Hcy interferes with collagen cross-linking. 2. High levels of Hcy specially stimulate resorptive activity of osteoclasts in vitro. 3. Hcy interfere bisphosphonates binding to hydroxyapatite.<...

Introduction: Prevalence of celiac disease (gluten enteropathy) in general population is around 1:100–300. Half of these patients are women. Most common age for diagnose is third year or third to fourth decade of life, due to mild clinical signs. In the moment of diagnosis, 30% of patients already have lowered bone mineral density (BMD). Pathophysiologic mechanism for lowering BMD is secondary, regulative, intestinal hyperparathyroidism.Aim: To trac...