Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Obesity is a pathological condition characterized by a low-grade systemic inflammatory state that predisposes to the onset of some diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. Also, obesity can impact bone metabolism, but its effects are controversial.Aims: This observational study aimed to evaluate and correlate the bone mass with the lipidic profile, adipocytokines, glucose metabolism, hepatic function and purine metaboli...

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disease characterized by reduced bone mass and increased risk of fragility fractures. The pathogenesis of this disease is complex and influenced by multiple risk factors, where genetic factors play an important role. Menopause predisposes women to osteoporosis due to declining estrogen levels. Osteoporosis and iron metabolism have an important relationship. Iron overload suppresses osteoblast formation and stimulate osteocl...

Introduction: Primary Bilateral Macronodular Adrenal Hyperplasia (PBMAH) represents <2% of causes of Cushing’s Syndrome (CS). Clinical course is insidious, with adrenal bilateral macronodules and gradual cortisol excess, only rarely presenting with overt CS. The pathophysiology remains unclear, however, hyperactivation of the cAMP/PKA pathway, in 77-87% of cases through aberrantly expressed G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), has been described. Despite being a benig...

Neuroendocrine neoplasia (NENs) are rare tumours that show features of neuroendocrine differentiation. Generally, NENs can be subdivides into high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) and low-to-intermediate grade neuroendocrine tumours (NETs). The most common Endodermal NETs’ localisations are the lungs, ileum, appendix, and rectum. Neuroectodermal NETs include medullary thyroid cancer (MTC), pheochromocytoma (PHEO), and paraganglioma (PGL). Nets are estimated to occur...

Low plasma sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels are present in patients suffering chronic metabolic diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, whether altered SHBG production plays a role in development and progression of this disease is unclear. To investigate SHBG involvement in NAFLD, we studied the effects of overexpressing SHBG in two mouse models, a genetically-induced model, by developing a double transgenic mouse by crossing the human...

Aims: To study the association of protein tyrosine phosphatase (LMW–PTP/ACP1) polymorphism with bone mineral density and metabolic parameters of bone remodelling.Methods: BMD (g/cm2) was measured by DEXA in 760 subjects: 448 normal BMD (359F/89M; 49.7±12.9 years; 30.2±5.4 kg/m2) and 312 osteoporosis (265F/47M; 63.9±10.4 years; 27.16±4.4 kg/m2). Metabolic bone remodelling parameters were analyzed: ...

Introduction: Alterations in foetal growth lead to neonatal health risks and favour metabolic diseases during adult life. Therefore, the study of birth weight determination and its modifications is crucial for metabolic diseases prevention. Placental growth is a key factor in foetal growth. It has been suggested that insulin and the IGF system play an important role in foetal growth and placental development and function. Although, insulin and IGFs in the umbilical cord blood ...

Considered as the biggest public health problem, the pandemic growth of obesity is associated to decline of male fertility potential over the last 50 years. Thus far, the effect of weight loss on semen parameters is still controversial and poorly understood. In this study we report the effect of significant weight loss on semen parameters of two obese men with metabolic syndrome. The patients followed to a very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) according to a commercial weigh...

Introduction: Fine needle biopsy (FNB) is a very important diagnostic tool in the assessment of thyroid nodules and plays a prominent role in therapeutic approach. It has a sensitivity around 83 to 85% and a specificity around 80 to 92%.Aims: To correlate cytological (FNB) and final histopathological data in patients with nodular thyroid pathology.Methods: A retrospective study of patients who underwent surgical procedure from Janu...

Introduction: Gastric endocrine tumors (GET) are rare. Type 1 tumors are non-functioning, almost exclusively benign lesions, usually presenting as multiple polyps, usually <1 cm in diameter, which arise from gastric enterochromaffin-like cells in response to chronically elevated gastrin, secondary to (auto-immune) atrophic fundic gastritis. These tumors were traditionally treated with total gastrectomy, like adenocarcinomas. Currently, surveillance or endoscopic treatment ...