Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Recent data suggest a direct effect of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) on the skeletal metabolism. Particularly, it can encourage bone resorption and also inhibit osteoblast differentiation. High FSH levels have been found to correlate with impaired bone health in females, whilst evidence in males remains somewhat poor and conflicting. Intriguingly, men with primary and central hypogonadism might represent a novel study model in this context.<p class="abstex...

The management of loco-regional metastases in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma is still debated. Current American Thyroid Association guidelines state that in this context the main goal is to differentiate between low-volume metastatic disease that will progress and that remaining stable over time.Aim of our study was to evaluate the behavior of suspicious or cytologically confirmed lymph node metastases, detected after initial treatment (i...

Radioiodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer can be effectively treated with multi-tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (mTKI). Due to their pleiotropic mechanism of action, these drugs may cause different side effects. Hypocalcaemia has been reported in up to 35% of patients treated with mTKI, but little is known about its pathophysiology and clinical relevance. We report the case of a 78 years old woman treated for a multifocal papillary thyroid cancer, infiltrating perithyroi...

Objectives: Lenvatinib treatment is responsible for several adverse events (AEs). Hypocalcemia has been described in the registration study in 7% of patients, being of grade ≥3 in 2.7% of cases. No real-life studies are available, and the actual impact of this AE during Lenvatinib treatment is still unknown. Aim of our study is to evaluate the frequency of hypocalcemia in our series of patients treated with Lenvatinib and the possible predictors of this side effect.<...

In the last decades, multi-tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (mTKI) have emerged as an effective treatment for radioiodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer. Due to their pleiotropic mechanism of action, these drugs may cause different side effects. Hypocalcaemia has been reported in up to 35% of patients treated with mTKI, but up to date little is known about its pathophysiology and relevance. We report the case of a 78 years old woman operated on for a papillary thyroid canc...

Abstract: An individualized risk-based approach to the treatment of thyroid cancer is being extensively discussed in the recent literature, but controversies remain about the ideal surgical approach. In particular, if some data showed that properly selected thyroid cancer patients can be treated with lobectomy (LT) with excellent clinical outcomes, other results demonstrated an increased incidence of persistent recurrent disease in patients submitted to LT with respect to thos...

Abstract: During hormonogenesis, thyroid cells are physiologically exposed to high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which could either be involved in the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer or exert a cytotoxic effect. We analyzed the oxidative status of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) either directly, by measuring H2O2 generation by NADPH oxidases (NOXs), and indirectly, by evaluating the antioxidant activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), which neutr...

The need for thyroid residue ablation in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), classified with the TNM staging (AJCC, 2002) as pT1, with a maximum diameter comprised between 1 and 2 cm (pT1/1-2) and/or multifocal, is still debated. Aim of this study was to compare the outcome of pT1N0M0 patients submitted or not to postsurgical radioiodine ablation. Consecutive patients followed-up at this Institution from 1996 to 2010 were enrolled. All pT1/1-2N0M0 cases were radioiodine ablated be...

The recent unavailability of pentagastrin (Pg) in several European Countries, prompted us to evaluate the potency and tolerability of the ‘high dose calcium test’ (Ca) in the stimulation of serum human calcitonin (hCt). We compared Pg- and Ca-stimulated hCt in 19 patients already treated for medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) in remission (n=19) or in persistence (n=13), in 18 patients with chronic thyroiditis and multinodular goiter, and in 15 healthy cont...

Incidental thyroid carcinoma (IC) is defined as a tumor diagnosed at histology after surgery for benign diseases and without a preoperative diagnosis of malignancy. Since the prevalence of IC reported in the literature is extremely variable (4.6–17%), mostly due to the limited number of cases, we aimed to study the features of IC in our large series. We retrospectively evaluated 1955 patients who consecutively underwent total thyroidectomy for non malignant diseases from ...