Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Calcitonin (CT) is the most specific marker for medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), thus, even low detectable values can conceal persistent disease. Current guidelines suggest performing an early CT evaluation three months after surgery. However, this timing may be too premature to evaluate the CT nadir, since different isoforms or aggregates from tumour deposits may persist in the bloodstream and require additional time to be cleared. The present study aimed to e...

Introduction: Indeterminate cytology still puzzles clinicians, due to its wide range of oncological risks. The new Italian cytological classification introduced in 2014 by SIAPEC-IAP split this category into TIR3A and TIR3B, according to a different cancer risk of <10% and <30%, respectively. Consequently, TIR3B nodules still have a surgical indication, even if more than half of cases will not result in thyroid cancer. The present study aims to analyse a consecutive se...

Objective: Specific comorbidities and old age create a greater vulnerability to severe Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19). While obesity seems to aggravate the course of disease, the actual impact of the body mass index (BMI) and the cutoff which increases illness severity are still under investigation. The aim of the study was to analyze whether the BMI represented a risk factor for respiratory failure, admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) and death.<p class="abstext...

Varicocele is a state of varicosity and tortuosity of the pampiniform plexus around the testis caused by retrograde blood flow. The association between varicocele and male subfertility has been questioned, thus the usefulness of treating varicocele in order to improve fertility is still a matter of debate. Inhibin B levels reflect the functional state of the seminiferous epithelium, and have been found to be a sensitive index of spermatogenesis. Serum inhibin B levels have bee...

Clinical hyperthyroidism is not uncommon in pregnancy, with a reported prevalence of 0.1–0.4%, and is caused most frequently by Graves disease. Careful monitoring of thyroid function is critical in preventing the many potential complications that can occur in pregnancies of mothers with hyperthyroidism. Maternal complications include hypertension, thyroid storm, heart failure preterm labour, and placental abruption. Foetal and neonatal complications include stillbirth, in...

Introduction: A potential cause of panhypopituitarism could be cerebral tubercular lesions, that are often misdiagnosed. Hormonal effects could be related directly to primary tubercular lesions, or after starting antitubercular therapy. Paradoxical reaction (PR) in tuberculosis is defined as clinical or radiological worsening of pre-existing tuberculous lesions or development of new lesions after beginning an appropriate antitubercular therapy (ATT). It has been suggested that...

Osteoporosis is a chronic condition requiring long-term treatment; sequential treatment regimens with different agents represents an option aimed to increase bone mineral density (BMD) and then to maintain it. The loss of BMD occurring after withdrawal of teriparatide (TPT) can be prevented by bisphosphonates (BPs). Among BPs, data about the efficacy of zoledronic acid (ZOL) after TPT treatment are scanty. Here, we contribute to this topic providing data derived from the real-...

Introduction: Hypoparathyroidism Bone Score (TBS) has been associated with fragility fractures in post-menopausal women. Estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer is usually treated with aromatase inhibitors (AIs), with international guidelines recommending initial bone density (BMD) evaluation, since this therapy is associated with high rates of fragility fractures. Each Country has different thresholds of intervention to recommend pharmacologic treatment for fracture preventi...

Context: Normocalcemic hyperparathyroidism (NHPT) is considered as an earlier or milder phenotype compared to traditional primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). To make a correct diagnosis, secondary hyperparathyroidism due to low calcium intake must be excluded. Whether calcium intake might affect presentation of PHPT vs NHPT has never been addressed consistently.Objective: To describe patients with a diagnosis of NHPT or PHPT in relation to their calcium ...

Osteoporosis management increased determination of serum calcium (Ca) levels, and detection of hypercalcemia in the set of out patients. Serum phosphate (P) levels are less frequently measured in osteometabolic patients. Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is the most common cause of hypophosphatemia. However, hypophosphatemia receives poor attention during the PHPT diagnostic work up, and also data in literature are scanty. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records from...