Endocrine Abstracts

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common endocrine disorder characterised by hypercalcemia, skeletal fragility, and renal stones with majority (75%) of parathyroid tumours localized to the inferior parathyroid glands. The reasons for this natural bias are not known till date. A probable reason may be due to inherent differences in the molecular milieu of normal superior and inferior parathyroid glands. Such questions cannot be answered using superior and inferior parathy...

Insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) is produced by the mature Leydig cells of the adult testes and secreted into the bloodstream in a constitutive manner, where it represents an important biomarker of Leydig cell functional capacity. It specifically activates the G-protein-coupled receptor, RXFP2, which is expressed on Leydig cells themselves, on male germ cells, and on bone cells, where INSL3 promotes healthy bone physiology. Unlike testosterone, INSL3 exhibits negligible within-i...

Insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) is a peptide hormone secreted exclusively in boys and men by the mature Leydig cells of the testes. It acts through a unique G-protein-coupled receptor, called RXFP2. In the female INSL3 regulates ovarian antral follicle growth. Whereas INSL3 in the male foetus is responsible for the first phase of testicular descent, in the adult it appears to support spermatogenesis and bone health. Importantly, it is...

Objectives: To compare height and body proportions between women with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS) and women with gonadal dysgenesis (GD).Design: Cross-sectional study of three groups of women with varying degrees of exposure to sex hormones and different combinations of sex chromosomes. Fourteen subjects had CAIS and 46XY (CAIS(XY)), aged (mean±S.E.M.) 42.1±2.8 years; seven had GD and 46XY (GD(XY)), aged 36.7&...

Aims: To compare bone mineral density (BMD) and stature between women with androgen insensitivity syndrome and women with gonadal dysgenesis.Settings: Adult Intersex Clinic.Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study of three groups of women aged 17-58 years with varying degrees of exposure to sex hormones and different combinations of sex chromosomes. Forty-six subjects had complete androgen insensitivity syndrome and 46XY [CAIS(X...

Late night salivary cortisol measurements have been increasingly used as an initial diagnostic test for the evaluation of patients with a clinical suspicion of Cushing syndrome (CS). Published studies include varying numbers of cases and controls and importantly various assay methods (usually immunoassays), as well as various methods of generating normative values.Materials and methods: We examined the diagnostic utility of salivary cortisol measurement ...

Follistatin-like 3 (FSTL3) is a secreted glycoprotein known to act as an inhibitor of TGFβ ligands such as activin and myostatin. Like activin, FSTL3 is expressed strongly in the testis but the role FSTL3 plays in testis development and physiology is not clearly understood. Here we show that FSTL3 is a key regulator of testicular size and a promoter of age-dependent testicular regression. FSTL3 deletion in mice leads to the development of enlarged testes that show delayed...

Introduction & Objective: This poster shows various pathways for patients who were recently diagnosed with T2DM and NAFLD in North Bihar, India. It also analyses trajectories as well as missed opportunities and earlier intervention possibilities.Methods: The study was conducted at RCDHO in Samastipur, Bihar. A total of 148 participants were enrolled and data was obtained from questionnaires and analysis of healthcare records.Re...

Purpose: Available data associate lipids concentrations in men with BMI, anabolic steroids, age, and certain cytokines. Data are less clear in women, especially across the full adult lifespan, and when segmented by pre- and postmenopausal status.Methods: Subjects: 120 healthy women in Olmsted County, MN, USA, a stable well studied clinical population. Dependent variables: measurements of 10-hr fasting high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total c...

Background: Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism is characterised by hypogonadism in the context of low/inappropriately normal gonadotrophin levels. Congenital Hypogonadotrophic Hypogonadism (CHH) occurs due to disrupted GnRH neuronal migration, or impaired hypothalamic GnRH secretion or action. However, no direct test of hypothalamic GnRH neuronal function currently exists. Kisspeptin-54 is a neuropeptide that stimulates endogenous hypothalamic GnRH release. Thus, we investigated w...