Endocrine Abstracts

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of goiter and nodular disease in patients with class III obesity, and also correlate the findings with serum insulin, leptin and HOMA-IR.Methods: A cross-sectional study with thyroid ultrasound and serum glucose, insulin, leptin and TSH was performed with obese patients and a control group without known thyroid diseases, matched for age and sex, but with BMI of <25 kg/m2.Results: Twent...

Introduction: Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology with a prevalence of 10–20/100 000 individuals and affects mainly young adults. Neurological involvement occurs in about 5% of the cases and it can affect the hypothalamic–pituitary axis. In this case, the most common endocrine manifestations are hyperprolactinemia and diabetes insipidus.Case report: A 44-year-old male patient complaining of not feeling well and d...

Ectopic ACTH secretion due to malignant tumours is a rare cause of hypercortisolism. Induced metabolic disturbances are often serious and the management of such patients may be difficult. We report the case of a 50-yr-old man who had a sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) removed 2 years ago (Dec/2003). Calcitonin and CEA levels remained high postoperatively and a CT scan revealed liver metastases. In August 2005 he was referred to Endocrinology with symptoms of muscular...

Introduction: Various thyroid imaging reporting and data systems (TIRADS) have been proposed in recent years, such as the EU-TIRADS proposed by the European Thyroid Association (ETA). These classification systems intend to estimate the malignancy risk of thyroid nodules, however they are very much based on suspicious ultrasound (US) features typical of papillary thyroid cancer. As such, follicular carcinomas may be reported as low suspicion nodules. Our work aims to evaluate t...

IntroductionFollicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) has metastasis in 10-15%; papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) rarely metastasizes. Bone metastasis are rare and can cause pain, fractures and spinal cord compression.Case-172 year-old male referred to the hospital with lower back pain. Imaging examination revealed lytic lumbar lesions. Thoracic-abdominal-pelvic-CT showed trachea compression by a multinodular right ...

Thyroid hormones measure is inevitable in some critically ill patients and may help the management. Alternatively, the physiological changes in the thyroid imbalance during pregnancy also make establishing reference intervals for critical ill challenging.Objectives: We aimed to compare reference intervals in an obstetric intensive care unit.Methods: After excluding patients admitted after delivery or pregnant under thyroid disease ...

Introduction: Hypoparathyroidism treatment is aimed to achieve a serum calcium at the lower limit of normal providing symptom resolution and preventing complications such as urolithiasis and renal impairment. Milk-alkali syndrome (MAS) incidence has been gradually rising associated with the increase of calcium carbonate and vitamin D supplementation. The classic triad is characterized by metabolic alkalosis, hypercalcemia and renal failure.Case report: A...

Introduction: Giant prolactinomas (diameter >4 cm) account for less than 5% of all prolactinomas and are usually associated with markedly elevated prolactin (PRL) levels. Despite their benign nature, these tumors can be invasive, potentially leading to mass effect symptoms in affected patients.Case Report: We report a case of a 40-year-old male admitted to the emergency department with a one-week history of headaches, right palpebral edema, and ptosi...

Introduction: Gynecomastia is defined as the benign proliferation of breast tissue in men. Although common, only a small portion of patients seek treatment, either for cosmetic reasons, pain, or tenderness. Tamoxifen has been proposed as an alternative to surgical treatment. Methods : We conducted a retrospective study including all patients referred to our Endocrinology Department between January 2020 and April 2024 due to gynecomastia. Secondary causes...

Introduction: Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a rare but underestimated cause of hypertension. PA has been associated with increased risk of malignancy through mechanisms involving up-regulation of the renin angiotensin system (RAS) promoting an enzymatic cascade influencing carcinogenesis. Recently, Microwave Ablation (MWA) has been established as an effective and safe minimal invasive treatment for Conn’s Disease.Aim: The authors present four clinic...