Endocrine Abstracts

Subclinical Cushing’s syndrome, defined as evidence of alterations of the HPA axis in patients without stigmata of hypercortisolism, is a frequent finding among patients with adrenal incidentalomas. It is well-known that this condition is associated with several co-morbidities, such as hypertension in 2/3 of the cases, diabetes in 1/3, and dyslipidemia, which impair the cardiovascular risk profile of those patients. Recently, different independent reports on the natural h...

Endogenous hormones (e.g. catecholamines, glucocorticoids, growth hormones, androgens, growth factors) may affect the characteristics of physical capacity and performance in athletes by influencing, throughout long-term and short term effects, morphological and functional qualities of neuromuscular, cardiovascular, metabolic and adaptive systems. Exercise per se is associated to the release of different hormones: acute exercise stimulates an acute hormones secretion (e.g. cate...

Aims: The clinical and radiological observation of patients with diabetic osteoarthropathy (DOAP) was carried out with the aim of determining the most significant factors in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients.Methods and materials: Anamnesis, clinical and radiological data were analsed in 28 DOAP patients. The patients were divided into two groups according to the type of diabetes: group 1 included 14 patients with type 1 DM (mean age 37.8...

Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is one of the most frequent congenital diseases. In 85% of cases, this condition is due to thyroid dysgenesis (TD) whose phenotype - thyroid absent or ectopically located and/or severely reduced in size - clearly represent disturbances during gland organogenesis. Some years ago we discovered that three transcription factors, TTF-1, TTF-2 and Pax-8, are expressed not only in mature thyroid cells but also in their precursors. Work in animal models ...

Roberto Di Lauro, School of Medicine of the University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy AbstractRoberto Di Lauro is Professor of Human Genetics at the School of Medicine of the University of Naples 'Federico II'. He is also responsible for the Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at the Stazione Zoologica 'Anton Dohrn' (Naples). He was visiting associate from 1974 to 1978 and visiting scientist from 1...

Osteoporotic fractures are the main clinical manifestations of skeletal fragility and are associated with decreased survival and impaired quality of life in the general population. At the beginning of COVID-19 spread in Europe, despite several studies investigated COVID-19 clinical characteristics, no data were reported on the prevalence of vertebral fractures (VFs) in patients affected and disease impact on osteoporotic patients. We performed a retrospective study at San Raff...

: Dicentric Y chromosome [idic(Y)] is the most common structural abnormality of this chromosome, and generally results from altered meiotic breakage and reunion of sister chromatids. Since this rearrangement is unstable, idic(Y) may be lost in subsequent cell cycles, resulting in a mosaic 45,X cell line. Variable are the phenotype and gonads (from streak gonads to ovotestes or dysgenetic testes). Few cases of 45,X/46,X,idic(Y) male pseudohermaphroditism with testes have been r...

Clinical hyperthyroidism is not uncommon in pregnancy, with a reported prevalence of 0.1–0.4%, and is caused most frequently by Graves disease. Careful monitoring of thyroid function is critical in preventing the many potential complications that can occur in pregnancies of mothers with hyperthyroidism. Maternal complications include hypertension, thyroid storm, heart failure preterm labour, and placental abruption. Foetal and neonatal complications include stillbirth, in...

Background: There is a great controversy on whether subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) in children should be treated for TSH values between 4.5 and 10 mU/l. In adults SH has been associated with abnormalities in lipid profile and increased risk of atherosclerosis. Data in untreated SH children are scanty.Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional controlled study was to evaluate in children the effects of long term untreated SH on lipid profile and endothel...

Background: Patients with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) require life-long therapy with glucocorticoids in order to suppress the androgen production through the inhibition of CRH and consequently ACTH. The therapy must be balanced to avoid either iatrogen hypercortisolism or hyperandrogenism both potentially associated with adverse cardiovascular risk profile.Objective: Aim of this cross-sectional controlled study was to investigate the m...