Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Thyroid nodules prevalence is high in adult population, approaching 60% in women and older people. Most thyroid nodules are benign and asymptomatic. However, a not negligible part of them causes compressive symptoms and/or cosmetic concerns and need treatment. In the last decades, minimally invasive treatments of the thyroid (MITT) have been proposed in clinical practice as reliable cost-effective alternative to surgery in patients with symptomatic benign thyroid n...

Background: Cushing syndrome (CS) represents a challenging disease. The major difficulty is to distinguish between the two main etiologies of ACTH-dependent hypercortisolism. However, in rare cases, the concomitant presence of both an ACTH-dependent and a primary adrenal disease should be considered.Case report: We evaluated a 67-year-old woman for a severe ACTH-dependent CS (midnight serum cortisol 332 ng/ml; urinary free cortisol [UFC] 3000 mcg/day; co...

Introduction: The approach for initial thyroid hormone suppression in patients who undergo surgery for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), is based upon the risk of disease recurrence. In particular, recent American Thyroid Association guidelines suggest to maintain TSH levels between 0.1 and 0.5 mU/l and less than 0.1 mU/l for patients with ‘intermediate’ and ‘high’ risk respectively. The aim of the study is to identify the major predictive factors of LT4...

Introduction: Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) accounts for <1% of all forms of primary hyperparathyroidism. PC is characterized by very high serum PTH and calcium levels and presents with osteopenia/osteoporosis, nephrolithiasis, asthenia, neuropsychiatric symptoms. Here, we report the unusual presentation of a PC.Case presentation: A 48-year-old woman was referred to our Center for the sudden appearance of a large painful hematoma in the cervico-mediasti...

Background: In a previous publication we identified the major predictive factors of levothyroxine (LT4) requirement and proposed an efficient nomogram to calculate LT4 substitutive starting dose after total thyroidectomy for benign disease. The aim of this study was to assess whether the LT4 requirement differs between the tablet and the soft gel capsules formulations.Methods: One hundred and three consecutive patients su...

Thyroglobulin (Tg) is a highly sensitive tumor marker of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). To optimize the sensitivity, guidelines recommend Tg measurement after stimulation with recombinant TSH (rh-TSH) 6–12 months after radio remnant ablation (RRA). Based on recent evidence in Literature, it is possible to avoid the measurement of Tg after stimulation with rh-TSH (S-Tg) in presence of undetectable values of basal Tg (B-Tg) if high functional sensitivity (0.1 ng/ml) m...

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), anticancer therapy blocking specific molecules expressed in tumor microenvironment, are associated to several endocrine side effects. In particular, the use of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors is related to a higher incidence of thyroid dysfunction. The most frequent form of thyrotoxicosis is a destructive thyroiditis, which can evolve into hypothyroidism.Patient findings:We report the case of an 85 years-old patient,...