Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Testicular adrenal rest tumours (TART) are benign corticotrophin-dependent tumours that occur in males with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). We present a patient with bilateral large TART as a consequence of poor compliance to treatment and follow-up for his CAH.Case: A 25-year-old gentleman presented to the endocrine clinic in 2009 with a history of tiredness, reduced libido and bilateral large testicles, which he wanted surgically re...

Introduction: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) had issued warnings on the increased risk of diabetic ketoacidosis and Fournier’s gangrene with patients using Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors. Herein, we report a case of simultaneous Fournier’s gangrene and diabetic ketoacidosis after initiation of treatment with Empagliflozin.Case Presentation: We report a case of a 54-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes on empagliflozin...

Objective: The exogenous somatostatin inhibits insulin secretion in pancreatic cell and could lead to hyperglycemia. But, Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has insulinotropic actions despite stimulating somatostatin secretion in δ cell. So, we examined whether there is a time difference of insulin and somatostatin secretion after GLP-1 stimulation or secretion rate difference of insulin and somatostatin depending on GLP-1 concentration and glucose concentration ins...

Background: Hypocalcaemia post parathyroidectomy and thyroidectomy is common and usually transient. A variety of drugs including tyrosine kinase inhibitors can cause hypocalcaemia. We present a case where a patient with primary hyperparathyroidism on imatinib with pre-op calcium 2.86 mmol/l, post-operatively developed resistant hypocalcaemia necessitating prolong hospitalisation and multiple calcium infusions which was not solely attributable to hungry bone syndrome.<p cla...

Ovarian carcinoma (OC) is the most deadly and leading cause of cancer death occurring in the female reproductive tracts. Several factors involved in ovarian carcinoma remain poorly defined and the therapy for OC is limited. Epidemiological data strongly suggest that endogenous and exogenous steroid hormones may play important roles in ovarian carcinogenesis. One of the primary steroid hormones, progesterone (progesterone), offers protection against ovarian carcinogenesis. We p...

Background and aims: Intermediate hyperglycemia has been established to increase cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. The increased platelet activity is believed to play a central role in pathogenesis of CVD. Mean platelet volume (MPV) and urinary 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 (11-dehydro-TxB2) level have been validated as a reliable and non-invasive marker for platelet activity. The objective was to evaluate the association between these markers and CVD risk b...

Introduction: NF1 or Von-Recklinghausen’s disease, an autosomal dominant neuro-cutaneous disorder results from NF1 (a tumour-suppressor gene) mutation, predisposing to neoplasms mainly affecting eye, skin and nervous system but rarely pheochromocytoma (0.1-5.7%). The incidence increases to 20-50% if NF1 is associated with hypertension.Case history: 30 years female, known NF1 since 2005 and multiple laparotomies for intra-abdominal neurofibromas pres...

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with an increased risk for dementia. The effects of hypoglycemia on dementia are controversial. Thus, we evaluated whether hypoglycemia increases the risk for dementia in senior patients with T2DM.Methods: We used the Korean National Health Insurance Service Senior cohort, which includes >10% of the entire senior population of South Korea. In total, 7,752 patients who had ever experienced hypo...

Breast cancers that are estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR)-positive are more likely to respond to hormone-related treatments than tumors that are ER/PR-negative. The present study investigated the effect of progesterone (P4) on 17β-estradiol (E2)-induced cell proliferation, apoptosis, EMT, and migratory and invasive features of MCF-7 clonal varient (CV) breast cancer cells that are ER/PR-positive. Preferentially, E2 was verified to induce breast cancer prog...

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are pluripotent stem cells derived from a developmental stage of preimplanted embryos. In this study, we investigated the effect of female sex steroid hormones on the characteristics of human ES cells by using a feeder-free culture protocol. In a feeder-free condition without sex hormones, human ES cells assumed the form of tightly packed cells that grow in a monolayer. The cells also displayed clean and defined edges with no evidence of differentiati...