Endocrine Abstracts

Aim: NICE guidelines states that every diabetes patient should have sufficient knowledge of HbA1c to allow them to be actively involved in their diabetes management. Our study aimed to investigate this in an outpatient setting in a multi-ethnic UK hospital clinic.Method: We interviewed 97 patients using an out-patient questionnaire and also gathered demographic information and latest HbA1c values from electronic data and medical records.<p class="abs...

Background: Ovarian mucinous cystadenomas are classically considered as ‘non-functional’ tumors. Cystadenomas are among the most common benign ovarian neoplasms. Compared with serous cystadenomas, mucinous cystadenomas occur less frequently, are more often unilateral and can attain an enormous size. Most of these tumors are asymptomatic and found incidentally on pelvic examination or with ultrasound. We present an unusual case of a mucinous cystadenoma presenting w...

Autoimmune Addison’s disease (AAD) is widely believed to be associated with total loss of endogenous mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid production and secretion, due to cell-mediated immune destruction. Therefore, patients with AAD are prescribed lifelong mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid replacement therapy. We present a case of a 69 year old women known with polyglandular autoimmune disease type 2 (hypothyroidism, Addison’s disease and premature ovarian fail...

Introduction: Glycemic control has a major effect on fetal growth in women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1), worse control leading to increased growth (large for gestational age (LGA) or very large for gestational age (VLGA) fetus). Current guidelines promote strict control (HbA1c ≤ 48 mmol/mol) before and during pregnancy. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has been instrumental in achieving this goal. We performed a retrospective chart review of pregnancy outcomes ...

Introduction: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is autosomal recessively inherited with a world-wide incidence of 1:10 000–1:20 000 births.Objectives: To document the prevalence of clinically diagnosed CAH and describe the spectrum of the condition in Sri Lankan children.Method: Request letters were sent to all paediatricians in state-sector hospitals to report details of children <16 years with CAH under their care. St...

Hyponatremia may manifest with nausea, disorientation, seizures, coma, cerebral edema and even death. The etiology of hyponatremia as paraneoplastic syndrome has been attributed most often to high levels of vasopressin. Correction of hyponatremia is usually successful at moderately low sodium levels, although it must be done slowly to prevent osmotic demyelination. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) rarely present paraneoplastic reactions, a few cases have been reported.<...

Introduction: Our adolescent transition diabetes clinic (16–24 years) is run by a multi-disciplinary team (adult and paediatric diabetes consultant, diabetes specialist nurses and a dietician) every 4 months.Aim: Questionnaire survey of patients understanding of their diabetes and satisfaction about the running and set-up of this unique transition clinic.Method: A two-page questionnaire given to patients attending clinic or po...

Introduction: Hyponatremia is common in hospitalised patients and can be due to a number of aetiologies. Investigations and management are often quite varied.Aims: To find out the prevalence, aetiology, investigations and management of hyponatremia in our hospitalised patients over a 2 week period (1 May and 15 May 2011).Methods: Case notes and electronic data assessment of all patients admitted with sodium level <130 mmol/l.</...

Objective: Macroprolactinaemia is the phenomenon of forming immunoglobulins (Igs) against prolactin (PRL). The Ig–PRL complex has an increased half-life resulting in elevated levels of immunoreactivity in most PRL immunoassays without having any significance. Identifying macroprolactinaemia-induced hyperprolactinaemia is essential in order to prevent unnecessary testing and treatment. This study is to establish the combined intra- and inter-individual variability in macro...

The mammalian reproductive axis is activated at puberty by neuroendocrine events within the hypothalamus that initiate the pulsatile secretion of GnRH. GnRH acts on the anterior pituitary to stimulate production of the gonadotrophic hormones (LH and FSH) which bring about maturation of the gonads. Both naturally occuring and genetically modified mutant mice have provided insights into the molecular events that maintain the function of each part of this reproductive axis. The c...