Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Ipilimumab is a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) inhibitor that improves survival in advanced melanoma. However, ipilimumab induces immune-related adverse events including hypophysitis and hypopituitarism. We describe one of the largest single centre series of ipilimumab induced hypophysitis.Methods: We retrospectively analysed all patients (n=301) treated with ipilimumab either as a monotherapy or in combination with nivolu...

Introduction: Given the importance of establishing a reliable diagnosis of impaired glucose metabolism and diabetes mellitus (DM), knowledge on accurate and reproducible parameters is needed. However, little is known on the reproducibility of fasting and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) derived parameters, especially with respect to the 2-hour derived parameters.Objectives: To determine reproducibility of parameters of glucose metabolism in a non-diabe...

Background: Impaired bone geometry and/or aberrant bone matrix formation may underlie the increased fracture risk observed in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Although reduced areal and volumetric bone mineral density (aBMD, vBMD) have been observed in pediatric and adolescent T1DM patients, few studies have confirmed these observations in adults. Moreover, data on bone geometry in T1DM remain scarce.Objective: To compare areal and volumetr...

Objective: In type 2 diabetes mellitus, fracture risk is increased despite preserved BMD. This might in part be due to insulin resistance affecting bone geometry; however, studies investigating the associations of insulin sensitivity with bone geometry are lacking. We aimed to explore this relationship in a cohort of healthy, young adult men.Methods: In 1001 healthy men aged 25–45 years, cortical bone geometry was assessed using pQCT (radius and tib...

Introduction: Contrary to US guidelines, recent European guidelines do not recommend tolvaptan for the treatment of SIADH.Methods: Retrospective data collection of all inpatients treated with tolvaptan for SIADH in two UK hospitals between November 2010 and February 2014. All values were calculated as mean±S.D.Results: This case series included 61 patients (33 females, 28 males) aged 74.4±15.3 years with se...

Abstract: Transarterial embolisation (TAE) is an effective treatment for liver metastases from neuroendocrine tumour (NET). It reduces arterial blood flow to the tumour resulting in ischemia and necrosis. In this single centre retrospective study the effectiveness and safety of TAE was evaluated.Patients and methods: 30 patients with histological confirmed gastro-entero-pancreatic NET with liver metastases were investigated. Tumour response, decline in s...

Introduction: Testicular morphology and immunohistochemistry have never been reported in genetically documented adult patients with 5α-reductase type 2 deficiency (5α-R2 deficiency).Case report: We describe the testicular histopathology of a 17-year-old XY female with primary amenorrhea, failure of pubertal breast development, virilization, clitoromegaly, and bilateral cryptorchidism (testes located in the inguinal canals). The diagnosis of 5&#...

Background: The central component of the complement system, C3, is associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease however the underlying reasons are unknown. In the present study we evaluated gene expression of C3, the cleavage product C3a and its cognate receptor C3aR in subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue in women.Methods: Women (n=140, 21–69 years, BMI 19.5–79 kg/m2) were evaluated for anthropomet...

Introduction: Acromegaly is an endocrinopathy that affects many different organ systems and leads to multiple comorbidities. Data on morphologic pathology of kidneys in acromegaly is scarce.Methods: We investigated 19 acromegalic patients (11 male, mean age 57.8±12.1 years) presenting in our outpatient clinic. We evaluated each patient’s kidneys by ultrasound, measuring organ dimensions and volume as well as noting any pathologic findings.<...

Introduction: Hyponatraemia is the most common electrolyte disorder in hospitalised patients and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.Methods: This retrospective study included all inpatients with serum sodium (sNa) ≤128 mmol/l at any point during hospitalisation at a teaching hospital over a 3-month period (1st March 2013 to 31st May 2013). Demographic, clinical and laboratory data obtained from patients’ case notes and labo...