Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) concentrations are reduced by 20–50% in type 2 diabetes but studies in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are inconclusive. Our aim was to study the GLP-1 profile during a glucose tolerance test (GTT) at GDM diagnosis and its relationship with insulin levels.Methods: A prospective study of selectively screened women was conducted. Plasma GLP-1, insulin and glucose were measured at 30-minute int...

Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) concentrations are reduced by 20–50% in type 2 diabetes but studies in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are inconclusive. Our aim was to study the GLP-1 profile during a glucose tolerance test (GTT) at GDM diagnosis and its relationship with insulin levels.Methods: A prospective study of selectively screened women was conducted. Plasma GLP-1, insulin and glucose were measured at 30-minute int...

Background: Hyperprolactinemia, caused by chronic use of antipsychotics, is associated with impaired bone density and increased risk of fractures. We examined if calcium and vitamin D supplementation have influence on Prlr gene expression in the duodenum, vertebrae and kidneys in female rats with sulpiride-induced hyperprolactinemia.Methods: Wistar female rats 21 weeks old were divided into: Group S: 10 rats that were intramuscular administrated Sulpirid...

Mitochondrial diseases are rare conditions with a wide phenotypic range. The inability of dysfunctional mitochondria to produce sufficient ATP results in multi-organic defects dependent on high aerobic such as pancreas. The most common endocrine disease related to mitochondrial diseases is diabetes mellitus and it is thought to be secondary to insulin deficiency. A 26-year-old pregnant patient with 26 weeks gestational age was referred to an Endocrinology appointment ...

Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is caused by destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes have an increased risk of developing other autoimmune diseases, most commonly autoimmune thyroiditis and celiac disease.Objectives: To examine the frequency of individual human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles in people with T1DM and associated autoimmune (AI) diseases of the thyroid, digestive system, and skin, and ...

Introduction: Exercise in the heat can impose significant physiological strain and may result in incapacity, illness and death from exertional heat stroke (EHS). The adrenocortical response to exercise is known to be amplified with concurrent heat stress, suggesting the potential utility of cortisol measurement in dynamic surveillance for heat intolerance. In laboratory conditions, a standard Heat Tolerance Assessment (HTA) may be used to determine thermal tolerance to exercis...

Introduction: Bloom syndrome (BS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the BLM gene. Classic dysmorphic features include a long, narrow face, micrognathism and prominent nose and ears. Other features of the disease include pre- and post-natal growth failure, skin rash following sun exposure, hyper-pigmented areas or cafe-au-lait lesions, high-pitched voice and immunodeficiency. The most serious complication of BS is the significant increase in...

Introduction: Hypoglycemia is a major limiting factor in intensive glucose control in diabetes mellitus. Its incidence has been increasing with the demand for intensive therapy for the prevention of the diabetic chronic complications. There are few studies in our country regarding the evaluation of hypoglycemia in the emergency room (ER).Objective: To characterize severe hypoglycemia episodes and patient features in individuals admitted to the ER.<p ...

Introduction: Severe hypoglycemia is defined as an episode that requires the assistance of another person in order to correct it. Most of the costs associated with hypoglycemia in diabetes mellitus patients are the result of severe episodes, when treated by health care professionals. In our country there are few studies regarding the epidemiology of episodes of hypoglycemia evaluated in the pre-hospital care setting.Methods: We retrieved all episodes of ...

Objectives: We describe three patients recently admitted to our institution with severe hypomagnesaemia and hypocalcaemia and a history of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy.Patient 1 was admitted with lethargy, anorexia and leg cramps. Medications included a PPI (omeprazole) prescribed for gastritis. Corrected calcium was 1.54 mmol/l (2.15–2.65) and magnesium 0.25 mmol/l (0.7–1.0), with a PTH of 1.0 pmol/l (1.6–6.9) and 25-OH-vitamin D 5...