Endocrine Abstracts

Up till now, altered balance of T helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune cells has been postulated to play an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD). However, recent studies on thyroid diseases suggest a new role for Th17 (T helper 17) cells which have the ability to secrete cytokines: IL17, IL17F, IL21, and IL23. The aim of the study was to estimate the proporcions of circulating CD4+CD161+CD196+ and CD4+IL17+ Th17 cells and serum concentrations of IL...

Up till now, altered balance of Th1 and Th2 immune cells has been postulated to play an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD). However, recent studies on thyroid diseases suggest a new role for Th17 (T helper 17) cells that have been classified as a new lineage, distinct from Th1, Th2 and Treg cells. Despite wide interest, role of Th17 cells in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases is still debated. Th17 cells are involved ...

Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is the most common organ-specific autoimmune disorder. Genetic background, environmental and endogenous factors are play important roles in determining the activation of immune cells or the efficacy of the immunoregulatory pathways. In recent years underlined the immunosuppressive role of T lymphocytes with expression of CD4+CD25+ (Tregs) in regulation mechanisms of peripheral immune tolerance.The aim of the study was to...

IntroductionModern diabetology is focused on preventing late complications of diabetes and to find research tools to detect discrete changes, with the possibility of early entry with treatment. Type 1 diabetes (DM1) causes oxidative stress, affects the cardiovascular system and increases vascular stiffness. The non-invasive measurement of central blood pressure (CBP) together with augumentation and aplification indicators, more accurately reflects the co...

Forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) is an important regulatory factor for the development and function of T regulatory cells (Tregs). Moreover it has been established that deficiency of the Foxp3 gene in Treg cells suppresses their regulatory function leading to the development of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs). The aim of our study was to estimate the association of three polymorphism of FOXP3 gene with the predisposition to GD and HT in children.<p class="abst...

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency is the most common disorder, in which lack of the enzyme causes deficiency aldosterone and cortisol. The result of this deficiency is an increased level of ACTH. The classic form appears in early childhood and may be associated with the development of abnormal genitalia. Clinically older patients present the GnRH-independent precocious puberty with rapid growth and advanced bone age. We present the case of 9-year-...

The risk of malignancy in thyroid nodules correlates with the presence of ultrasound features. In adults, ultrasound risk-classification systems have been proposed to indicate the need for further invasive diagnosis. Furthermore, elastography has been shown to support differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules. The purpose of our study was to assess the application of the American Thyroid Association (ATA) and British Thyroid Association (BTA) ultrasound risk-classification sys...

Graves’s disease is the most common type of autoimmune hyperthyroidism. Numerous studies indicate different factors contributing to the onset of the disease. Despite years of research, the exact pathomechanism of Graves’ disease still remains unresolved, especially in the context of immune response. B cells can play a dual role in autoimmune reactions, on the one hand, as a source of autoantibody mainly targeted in the thyroid hormone receptor (TSHR) and, on the othe...

Introduction: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is the most frequent cause of thyroid disfunction in children and its incidence is increasing. Although thyroid cancer is an uncommon childhood malignancy with a reported incidence of about 0.59 cases per 100,000, there are data suggesting the comorbidity of papillary thyroid carcinoma with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) in children. Ultrasound elastography is a non-invasive imaging, based on estimation of mechanical properties (el...

Introduction: Association between autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and other autoimmune disorders is common and known as autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS). It may involve hypoparathyoridism with Addison disease (AD) and mucocutaneous candidiasis – APS type I, AD with Diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1) or AITD- APS type II, AITD associated with other autoimmune diseases (excluding AD): DM1- type IIIa, pernicious anemia- IIIb, or alopecia and/or vitiligo and/or other aut...