Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Women with Turner syndrome (TS) have a 13-year reduction in life expectancy compared to the general population. Cardiovascular disease (CVD), whether congenital or acquired, is the cause of death in around half of these women. Therefore, early identification of congenital heart defects, aortic abnormalities and risk factors for CVD is extremely important, and may have a significant impact on long-term outcomes of CVD in TS.Aim and methods: ...

Introduction: Multiple pituitary hormone deficiency (MPHD) and septo-optic dysplasia (SOD) are well known causes of hypopituitarism, but children with optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) may also be at risk of hormone and neurocognitive disturbances. Clinical and neuroradiological findings of these three related conditions are characterised in this study, aiming to understand their pathophysiology.Design: Data from 140 patients with hypopituitarism (MPHD, SOD) ...

Background: In Clinical Trials, Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor analogs liraglutide and semaglutide have been shown to cause weight loss, reduced systolic blood pressure, effectiveglycemic control with low rates of hypoglycemia, in patients with type 2 diabetes. Through a retrospective clinical study, the authors aimed to assess the clinical effectiveness of GLP-1 receptor agonists in the management of obesity in patients with Type 2 Diabetes.Me...

Background: 71/270 (26%) of our patients with T1DM, diagnosed for more than 1 year, had an ideal HbA1c of less than or equal to 48 mmol/mol. Are there factors within this group that may be transferred into groups with higher HbA1cs to improve control?Methods: Clinical records were reviewed for the whole year and download data from a randomly selected 2 week period was reviewed. Age, gender, time from diagnosis, ethnicity, postcode, other medical conditio...

A 54-year-old lady presented with malaise, weakness, and constipation. She was found to be mildly hypercalcaemia (adjusted calcium 2.68–2.76 mmol/l; reference range 2.12–2.60 mmol/l) and was referred to local endocrinology services. Her PTH was 79 ng/l (range 10–60) and a diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism was made. Imaging to localise a parathyroid source was negative. She was referred to the endocrine surgeons at the Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle, ...

We present two patients with significant hypokalaemia initially attributed to liquorice use.Case 1: A 52-year-old engineer was noted to have a potassium level of 2.5 mmol/l (3.5–5.3 mmol/l) at a Well Man check-up. He had no significant past history, and took no medications. He was normotensive. The patient reported regular liquorice use. The hypokalaemia corrected with supplementation equivalent to 48 mmol K+ daily, and with cessation of ...

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common and serious, with no specific treatment. AKI may increase the risk of dysfunction in organs other than the kidney, further increasing the morbidity associated with AKI. The mechanisms of organ cross-talk after AKI are unclear. Small animal models have suggested that infiltration of inflammatory cytokines into extra-renal organs leads to cellular extravasation, oedema and further injury. In this study we used a large animal model ...

One in five people in the UK is affected by lung disease, along with millions more worldwide. Glucocorticoids represent the most utilized anti-inflammatory therapy for the treatment of pulmonary inflammation, however a subset of patients exist which do not respond to therapeutically relevant doses.The non-ciliated bronchial epithelial (Clara) cells have been identified as key mediators of the pulmonary inflammatory response. The glucocorticoid receptor (...

Background: We recently reported the first human mutation in mini-chromosome maintenance homologue 4 (MCM4) in a cohort of patients with adrenal failure. We now report the endocrine phenotype of 14 patients with MCM4 mutations.Methods: Patients case notes were examined and investigations performed to fully assess adrenal function, pubertal development, gonadal function and growth.Results: 13 of 14 patients have developed isolated g...

DKA guidelines aim to reduce risk of cerebral oedema. We present the outcomes of three young females with severe DKA with reduced conscious level at diagnosis that required deviation from these guidelines.A. 12-year-old, pH 6.88 with DKA and sepsis. Received 20 ml/kg initial fluid bolus. CT head scan was normal. Hypotension required further fluid boluses, inotropes and an increase in fluids to 65% above the rate on DKA protocol. Although slow to wake aft...