Endocrine Abstracts

Enteroendocrine cells (EECs) are a hormone-/neurotransmitter-producing population with well-defined physiological roles. Knowledge regarding their differentiation program in the human gut, however, is scarce. Deciphering endocrine specification could identify targets which allow the manipulation of specific EEC populations and form the basis for new treatments for metabolic, inflammatory and cognitive disorders. Isoxazole-9 (ISX-9) is a small molecule, previously used in proto...

The intestinal epithelium (IE) is populated by different cell types each with a unique set of functions. Each cell type is derived from a common progenitor, the stem cell. The hierarchy of epithelial cell fate is transcriptionally regulated for example, Notch signalling defines secretory versus absorptive destiny. Peptide hormone producing enteroendocrine (EE) cells are scattered throughout the epithelium where they integrate complex nutrient signals and respond by promoting m...

Introduction: Assessment of adrenal insufficiency (AI) is done routinely through Synacthen test. However, the conventional high dose (250 μg) stimulation is supra-physiological, therefore 1 μg low dose test was developed.Aim: to investigate the utility of the Low-dose test vs the High-dose test, in patients with suspected central AI, in a tertiary centre of endocrinology, in the National Institute of Endocrinology, Bucharest, Romania.<p cla...

Context: Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) is a debilitating condition that affects 30% patients with Graves’ disease (GD). It is the most common extra-thyroidal manifestation of GD, but only 3-5% of GO cases are sight – threatening.Objective: To compare the thyroid and lipid profile of GD patients who developed GO vs those without GO. The second objective is to analyze the prevalence of smoking status and insufficient 25 (OH) vitamin D levels.<...

The modulation of appetite, satiation and food intake stems from the interplay of central mechanisms of homeostasis, hedonism and cognitive control, receiving and integrating information on energy balance and feeding status of the body from peripheral organs, including dietary and gut-related signals. Obesity is a phenotype, likely resulting from the dysregulation of one or more of the above mechanisms. Different mechanisms may prevail in different people, though leading to a ...

The neural crest-derived, catecholamine-secreting tumors pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas are genetically heterogeneous. More than one-third of these tumors result from germline mutations in one of at least ten genes that belong to a variety of functional classes. Characterization of the molecular signals transduced by these genes and their respective mutants has enhanced our understanding of kinase signaling pathways, hypoxia regulation, and the link between metabolic dis...

That obesity protects mammals from osteoporosis led us to show in the past that bone remodeling, and thereby bone mass, is regulated by the adipocyte-derived hormone leptin via a central relay and the sympathetic nervous system. To test whether in response to this regulation bone could exert a feedback control of energy homeostasis we performed a functional genetic screen in mice designed to identify genes expressed specifically in osteoblasts, encoding signaling molecules and...

According to population registries prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the world is about 10%. Global trends show growth of CKD due to diabetic nephropathy, chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis, secondary nephropathies. Kidney transplantation is a ‘golden standard’ in CKD treatment. Is it performed about 100 times per year in The republican research and practice center for organ and tissue transplantation. The aim of the study was to evaluate menstrual func...

Introduction: Nowadays polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) appears to be one of the most common endocrine disorders that involves from 5 to 10% of women of reproductive age, reaching 75% in the structure of endocrine infertility. Furthermore the distribution of adipose tissue in android region correlates with the prognosis of diabetes, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases development.Aim of the study was to determine the type of obesity and to d...

Immunotherapy, a cancer treatment leveraging the individual’s immune system, has demonstrated its efficacy by eliciting responses from immune cells in and around tumors, notably tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). The presence of TILs often correlates with more favorable outcomes in cancer cases. Immune-mediated adverse events (imAEs) accompany immunotherapy in 13.7-54% of patients, with the involvement of the endocrine system detected in nearly 10% of cases, represent...