Endocrine Abstracts

Metabolic diseases represent a threatening worldwide epidemic that affects the entire body. It is known that metabolic diseases, namely diabetes, and obesity affect spermatogenesis via suppressing testosterone synthesis, inducing oxidative stress and other changes that lead to decreased male fertility. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) receptor agonists, like liraglutide, are pharmacological agents recommended to normalize glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus....

Metabolic disorders, such as overweight and obesity, are serious health societal challenges due to their high incidence rates. Obesity leads to metabolic dysregulation, promoting hormonal imbalance, oxidative stress, and a chronic inflammation state. Eating habits towards the intake of highly caloric fat-rich regimes induce epigenetic changes in the information transgenerationally transmitted. Furthermore, obesity promotes carcinogenesis. It is known that the prostate is sensi...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most prevalent endocrine disorder of women at reproductive-age and accounts for 80% of the causes of anovulatory infertility. Despite the widely characterized reproductive, endocrine, and metabolic abnormalities, the mechanisms underlying PCOS remain unclear. Thus, it is essential to identify novel biomarkers that will allow to disclosure novel pathways involved PCOS pathophysiology, which could then be used to improve PCOS manage...

Low testosterone levels are one of the causes of male infertility since testosterone is a crucial hormone for the regular functioning of the male reproductive tract. Testosterone is produced by Leydig cells (LC) in a process called testicular steroidogenesis, and if these cells are injured in any way, then the steroid production may be compromised. Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) are a group of substances that disturbs hormonal signaling. Their chemical nature and mode o...

Introduction: Feminizing hormone therapy (HT) for male-assigned at birth (AMAB) includes estrogens, often in combination with anti-androgens. Several studies have reported an increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases and venous thromboembolism in AMAB receiving estrogens. Indeed, procoagulant changes induced by estrogen-based HT occur in transwomen as well as in cisgender individuals. Therefore, using estrogen in gender-affirming HT is relatively contraindicated in those ...

68 years old male was admitted with cough and fever during the second UK covid surge. Recent new diagnosis of hypertension and diabetes with worsening psychotic symptoms on background of schizophrenia. Noted previous hypernatremia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia along with marked refractory hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis. Cushing’s syndrome phenotype was not noted. Failed to suppress cortisol during an overnight dexamethasone suppression test with plasma cortisol remai...

Background: Steroid profiling by LC-MS/MS is increasingly used in endocrine research, and is being introduced in the clinical practice. Due to the large disagreement with previous immunoassays, and to the enlarged panel of measurable steroids, novel and robust reference intervals (RIs) need to be established. Steroid circulating levels are known to be influenced by several physio-pathological factors, such as age, gender, stress and metabolic status. Therefore, generating unbi...

Endocrine clinical practice strongly relies on normative data for the assessment of hormonal imbalance. However, the generation of robust steroids reference intervals (RIs) remains a challenge. As the steroids circulating levels are influenced by many procedural aspects related to blood collection (time, fasting state) and physio-pathological factors, such as age, sex, stress and metabolic status, the need for partitioning RIs is mandatory. Furthermore, unbiased healthy, drug-...

Background and aim: Aldosterone-to-Renin Ratio (ARR) is recommended as initial test to screen for Primary Aldosteronism (PA), especially in high-risk hypertensive population. Endocrine Society (ES) Guidelines recommend that patients with an increased ARR should undergo one or more confirmatory tests in order to confirm or exclude PA diagnosis. Captopril Challenge Test (CCT) and Saline Infusion Test (SIT) are commonly used in routine clinical practice. The aim of our study was ...

Background: Routine clinical use of arginine-vasopressin (AVP) is limited by its small molecular size and pre-analytical errors. In contrast, copeptin – a peptide of 39 amino acids co-secreted with arginine-vasopressin (AVP) - is a stable protein and its measurement represents a reliable measure of AVP concentration. The aim of this study was to analyze diagnostic role of copeptin in diagnosis of diabetes insipidus (DI) in patients treated for hypothalamic-pituitary disea...