Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Cushing’s Syndrome secondary to inhaled or topic corticosteroids is very rare, although there are reports of a link to cytochrome inhibitors. Ritonavir, a protease inhibitor used for treatment in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, is a potent inhibitor of cytochrome P450 3A4.The case: A 41 years old man - with personal history of asthma, HIV infection diagnosed in 2002 and hepatitis C infection since 1999 – was sent to ...

Idiopathic congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) is a rare reproductive disorder that is primarily caused by a gonadotrophin-realising hormone (GnRH) deficiency. When CHH is associated with hyposmia or anosmia is designated by Kallmann Syndrome (KS). This syndrome is a genetic disorder with significant genetic heterogeneity that may present as a sporadic or familial case, following autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or X – linked recessive modes of inherita...

Introduction: Clinical trial data demonstrate improved glycemic control in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D),especially, reduction of time in hypoglycaemia with flash glucose monitoring (FGM);however real-life conditions can modify this scenario.Aim: To examine real world use and glycemic control following a standardized initiation process of FGM.Methods: Individuals aged 18 years or older with T1D were prospectively recruited...

Introduction: Hypertriglyceridemia, a cardinal feature of metabolic syndrome (MS), is associated with cardiovascular disease and abnormal metabolism of apolipoproteins which may form the basis for this relationship. The aim of this study is to evaluate triglyceride-rich lipoproteins profile in MS patients.Material and methods: A retrospective study was performed, including patients evaluated in a tertiary hospital. Patients with thyroid dysfunction, neop...

Introduction: There are significant physiologically and clinically differences in profiles between metabolic healthy and metabolic unhealthy obese individuals. Several markers are on study in order to better characterize the metabolic profile of metabolic unhealthy obese individuals. The aim of this work was to determine whether the triglycerides/glucose (TyG) index may be a valuable marker for identifying metabolically unhealthy obesity.Methodology: Met...

Introduction: MODY 5 is a rare form of autosomal dominant monogenic diabetes with a broad phenotypical spectrum that occurs with pancreatic and extra-pancreatic clinical manifestations, such as: malformation and dysfunction of the pancreas, nephrourologic anomalies, impaired renal function, hepatopathy and neurocognitive defects. It is caused by a mutation of the gene encoding hepatocyte nuclear transcription factor 1 beta (HNF1β).Case 1: M...

Introduction: Adrenal incidentalomas are asymptomatic adrenal masses found accidentally during routine examination, not intended for adrenal pathology evaluation. The functionality of these lesions must be further investigated. Rarely, bilateral adrenal nodular hyperplasia can be detected in a patient with Cushing’s disease. The authors present the case of a patient with possible autonomous cortisol secretion of adrenal origin that eventually emerged as Cushing’s dis...

Introduction: Non-islet cell tumor induced hypoglycemia (NICTH) is a paraneoplastic phenomenon involving many types of tumors. It is associated with the secretion of incompletely processed precursors of IGF-2 resulting in a persistent insulin-like activity and hypoglycemia. Most commonly, IGF-2–linked hypoglycemia has been observed in patients with solid mesenchymal or epithelial tumors. Typically, elevated IGF-2 levels are associated with suppressed plasma levels of insu...

Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with important neonatal risks and a higher incidence of large-for-gestational-age (LGA) newborns and fetal macrosomia. The aim of our work was to define a third-trimester HbA1c cut-off point for increased risk of fetal morbidity, macrosomia and LGA newborns.Methodology: Observational retrospective study of all singleton pregnant women with GDM, followed at our Diabetes and Pregnancy Clinic b...

Background: Distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSPN) is one of the most prevalent chronic complications of diabetes and the most common cause in the pathway to diabetic foot ulceration. Screening for DSPN enables early intervention and prevention of complications. The Semmes-Weinstein Monofilament Examination (SWME) is currently the method of choice to screen DSPN, but ideally two neurologic tests should be used. The Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI), which evaluat...