Endocrine Abstracts

Background and aims: Obesity is a chronic multifactorial disease characterized by an excessive accumulation of body fat resulting from an imbalance between energy intake and caloric expenditure. Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane and plays an important role in the regulation of energy expenditure. NLR family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome seems to have a key role in obesity-induced inflammation through production of the ...

Background and aim: Although chronic low-grade inflammation is observed in obese subjects, the underlying mechanisms modulating this process are still unclear. The Comparative Gene Identification-58 (CGI-58) is a lipid droplet-associated protein that has an important role in mediating intracellular fat hydrolysis by acting as a coactivator of the adipose Triglyceride Lipase (ATGL). Recent evidence suggests that CGI-58 also has a role in chronic inflammation and insulin resista...

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an expected condition in Cushing syndrome (CS) but there are few data about prevalence and factors associated to occurrence of DM in these patients.Objective: To determine the main aspects of DM in CS through a systematic review (SR) of the literature.Methods: MEDLINE and LILACS were searched for studies published until March, 2016. Search strategy comprised the terms “Diabetes Mellitus&...

Introduction: Pancreatic islet transplantation is an attractive approach to re-establish glycemic homeostasis in patients with brittle type 1 diabetes. However, islet damage along the isolation procedure limits the availability of viable islets for transplantation. The donor’s brain death (BD) is among the factors contributing for islet quality loss in this scenario. Exenatide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1) analog, exerts anti-inflammatory effects leading to an increas...

Background and aims: In adipose tissue, excess of energy is stored inside cytosolic lipid droplets as triglycerides. During fasting or exercise, the stored fat is mobilized for utilization as free fatty acids and glycerol via lipolysis. The complete lipolysis of triglycerides is mediated by the orchestrated activation of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and hormone-sensitive lipase, which have been associated with obesity. There is compelling evidence that the protein compar...

Introduction: Pancreatic islet transplantation is an effective treatment for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) with unstable metabolic control. However, the quality of islets isolated from a donor is negatively affected by the inflammatory environment related to the donor’s brain death and by the stress related to islet isolation and culture. To overcome islet quality loss, some studies have co-cultured islets with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Considering...