Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Nuclear retinoid receptors (RARs) upon a ligand binding act as all-trans retinoic acid-inducible transcription factors interacting as heterodimers with nuclear retinoid X (rexinoid) receptors (RXRs). The disruption of retinoic acid (RA) signalling pathways is believed to underlie the etiology of a number of malignancies. Retinoids – cell differentiation agents that may ‘reprogram’ tumours, i.e. retinoic acid derivatives or retinoic acid related com...

Background: Post-adrenalectomy persistent hyperkalemia, that lasts >3 months and needs to be treated, is a potentially serious, but not apprehensively investigated complication after surgical treatment in patients with aldosterone-producing adenomas (APA).Case report: A 53-year-old male presented type 2 diabetes mellitus and a 10-year history of resistant hypertension requiring multidrug treatment with antihypertensives of eight different classes. Pr...

Introduction: Anti-C1q antibodies have been implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. We have previously shown that anti-C1q antibodies are also linked to autoimmune thyroid disorders (AITD). The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of anti-C1q antibodies in pregnant women with AITD.Methods: Serum anti-C1q antibodies were measured during the 9–11th gestational weeks in 103 pregnant women screened positive for AITD, an...

Introduction: Language barriers can pose a significant barrier to successful education of children and young people (CYP) with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and their families, potentially influencing their glycaemic control.Methods: Retrospective analysis from diagnosis to 18 months post diagnosis of glycaemic control in 41 CYP with T1DM requiring interpreter support (INT) under care of our diabetes centre based within a multi-ethnic community. Median HbA1c at...

Introduction: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a complex hypothalamic disorder, combining hypotonia, intellectual disability (ID), pituitary hormone deficiencies and hyperphagia. In PWS, up to 3% of patients die every year. In half of the patients, the cause of death is obesity related and / or of cardiovascular origin. Obesity is caused by hyperphagia combined with a low energy expenditure. Untreated hormone deficiencies like hypogonadism and hypothyroidism can cause low muscle...

Objective: Acromegaly is caused by a growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary tumor and its signs are linked to increasedGH-dependent hepatic insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) synthesis. A eucaloric very low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (euVLCK; < 50 g/day) induces ketosis and reduces portal insulin concentrations, which down-regulate hepatic GH receptors and reduce IGF-I synthesis. Somatostatin receptor ligands (SRLs) reduce GH secretion by the pituitary tumor,resul...

Introduction: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by primary insulin insufficiency and secondary disruption of GH–IGF–IGFBP axis. S.c. insulin therapy is necessary to normalize this axis. This study aimed to investigate whether the distinct insulin profiles obtained with insulin aspart and human insulin preparations, respectively, affect IGF1 concentration and bioactivity and IGFBP levels differently.Methods: In a randomized, four-period cro...

Introduction: Subclinical hypothyroidism (subhypo) is linked to gestational hypertension (gestHT) and preeclampsia. Thyroid hormones have major influence on mitochondrial activity and the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) reflects the functional status of the mitochondria.Aim: The aim was to estimate whether mitochondrial function is impaired in pregnant women with or without gestHT.Methods: We included third trimester pregnan...

Background: Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is less insulin sensitive and more harmful than subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). In adipocytes, IGF1 receptor signaling has been linked to insulin resistance, but it is unknown whether VAT and SAT also differ in production of IGFs. Therefore, we compared IGFs, IGFBP-4 and PAPP-A production in cultured fragments of VAT and SAT from obese subjects.Methods: VAT and SAT was collected perioperatively during elective...

Ghrelin, the endogenous GH secretagogue, has an important role in metabolic homeostasis. It exists in two major molecular forms: acylated (AG) and des-acylated (DAG). Many studies suggest different roles for these two forms in energy balance regulation. In the present study, we compared the effects of acute intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of AG, DAG and their combination (AG+DAG) to young adult Wistar rats on food intake and central melanocortin system modulation....