Endocrine Abstracts

Melanocortin receptors (MCS, MC1–MC5) are GPCRs, activated with different affinities by the melanocortin peptides (α-, β-, γ-MSH and ACTH). They are widely distributed throughout the body displaying a multitude of actions however their role in reproductive physiology is unclear. Previously, we have shown a reduction of pituitary hormone content and abnormalities in testes morphology in male MC3 null mice. The aim ...

Introduction: Santé publique France develops a national epidemiological monitoring program to study health indicators related to endocrine disruptor exposure. Based on the weight of evidence, cryptorchidism was selected for this purpose. In this study, we aimed to analyze temporal, spatial and spatio-temporal trends of cryptorchidism during the period 2002–2014 in France, and explore and/or generate environmental hypotheses.Methods: We built a...

Objective: It has been shown that women with PCOS as well as with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT), are characterized by increased incidence of infertility. Serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), which reflects ovarian reserve, is elevated in PCOS women and is decreased in women with AIT. The Rotterdam criteria recognize four clinical PCOS phenotypes,i.e.,phenotype Acharacterized by clinical and/or biochemical hyperandrogenism (HA), menstrual dysfunction (oligo/amenorrhea) (Olig...

Background: Changes in gut hormone levels after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has been proposed as a possible mechanism that explains the long-term weight loss and the improvement in glucose homeostasis after bariatric operations. In this prospective study we evaluated the changes in the fasting and postprandial levels of glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), insulin and glucose during the first postoperative year after LSG.Methods: ...

Somatic stem cells of multiple tissues such as brain, blood, gut epithelium and epidermis, have specific roles in tissue homeostasis and plasticity of cell types. There is evidence that, when mutated, such cells, termed cancer stem cells (CSCs), also underlie tumorigenesis, but their presence in many tumours is elusive. In the pituitary gland, somatic stem cells (PSCs) have been previously identified and characterised in vitro and in vivo, but so far there is no ...

Objectives: The long-term outcome of bariatric surgery on renal function in the morbidly obese renal transplant recipient is still unknown. We describe three cases of morbidly obese renal transplant recipients who have subsequently undergone bariatric surgery.Patient 1: A 44-year-old man (BMI 42.2 kg/m2) had received a renal transplant for chronic renal disease secondary to childhood reflux nephropathy. Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass re...

Objectives: The long-term outcome of bariatric surgery on renal function in the morbidly obese renal transplant recipient is still unknown. We describe three cases of morbidly obese renal transplant recipients who have subsequently undergone bariatric surgery.Patient 1: A 44-year-old man (BMI 42.2 kg/m2) had received a renal transplant for chronic renal disease secondary to childhood reflux nephropathy. Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass re...

Introduction: Turner syndrome is well known, but prognosis for 45,X/46,XX mosaicism under 30% of aneuploidy has not been established. We realised a retrospective study among women aged 21–43 years, to evaluate differences in clinical features and biological parameters between patients who had sex chromosome mosaicism diagnosed incidentally and controls women.Material and methods: Among infertile population, 71 women with sex chromosome mosaicism (45...

Background: Orlistat is a lipase inhibitor used in the treatment of obesity. Recent published work has shown that orlistat may have a role in affecting the release of appetite regulating gastrointestinal derived peptides. However, the precise effect of orlistat on these hormones remains uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the short-term effects of orlistat with a high fat meal on levels of plasma Peptide YY (PYY) and on appetite.Methods: Ethical perm...

Energy balance is controlled by the arcuate nucleus through integration of peripheral hormonal signals such as leptin, ghrelin, peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP-1). The commonest reason for young women in the developed world to be underweight is restrictive anorexia nervosa (AN). Constitutionally thinness (CT) has been described in young women who satisfies the WHO definition for moderate to severe underweight (BMI 13–16.9 kg/m2). CT women have...