Endocrine Abstracts

Autoimmune chronic thyroid disease (AITD) is associated with atrophic gastritis (CAG) in 29–42% of the cases. CAG and the consequent hypergastrinemia, listed as precancerous lesion, can predispose to neuroendocrine cells hyperplasia and the development of neuroendocrine gastric tumors (NET). Aim of this study was to evaluate the association of AITD with risk of gastric NET and the efficacy of somatostatin analogues treatment.Patients: From 2009 to 2...

Background: Craniopharyngiomas are benign tumors of the parasellar and sellar region. Patients with craniopharyngioma, treated with surgery, have comorbidities such as obesity and multiple pituitary deficiencies.Aim: To evaluate the metabolic parameters of patients with craniopharyngioma treated with surgery.Methods: We recruited 20 patients with craniopharyngioma (M=11, 46.6±12.6) and 20 patients (M=10, 53.5&#17...

Insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3) is produced by Leydig cells. In boys, the levels of INSL3 rise at pubertal stage P2 and further increase throughout puberty in close correlation with T and LH concentrations. In men with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) INSL3 levels have been found very low and increased after short-term hCG treatment. Whether FSH plays a role in regulating INSL3 secretion is questioned. Aim of this study was to evaluate serum INSL3 levels during long-term hCG a...

Prokineticins (PK1 and PK2) are peptides regulating multiple biological processes through two G-protein coupled receptors, PK-R1 and PK-R2. PK2/PKR2 signalling is critical for neurogenesis of olfactory bulb and GnRH migration. Mutant mice lacking PKR2 have abnormal development of olfactory bulb and reproductive system atrophy, suggesting that these genes may be novel candidate for Kallmann syndrome (KS) in humans. Recently, mutations in PK2 and PKR2 genes have been found in ne...

Context: Lipodystrophic HIV patients frequently display impaired pituitary GH response. Objective. To investigate the GH response to GHRH+Arg in women with HIV-related lipodystrophy (HARS) compared with healthy females. To identify possible predictive factors for such a GH response in these patients.Patients: Forty-nine female patients with HARS were compared with 10 healthy women matched for age and BMI.Methods: Patients and contr...

Beta-HLH transcription factors are involved in the ontogenesis of neural/neuroendocrine cells, and may play a role in the pathogenesis of neuroendocrine tumours. Neurogenin 2 (Ngn2) is expressed by the developing mouse pituitary. After preliminary data indicating its expression in the normal human pituitary, we have studied its phenotypic expression in normal and adenomatous pituitary tissues.Methods: Fifty-two pituitary adenomas (PA) – 23 clinicall...

The beta-HLH transcription factors NeuroD1 and ASH1 are frequently expressed by pituitary adenomas, both being present in all corticotroph, most clinically non-secreting (CNS) and a subset of GH and/or PRL-secreting adenomas. We wished to investigate the expression of the related beta-HLH factors neurogenins (Ngn) 1, 2 and 3 in the pituitary (n=4) and in a series of pituitary adenomas (n=45). RT-PCR was performed at different amplification cycles (up to 45) in al...

IntroductionThyroid diseases affect a large population worldwide and total thyroidectomy (TT) is the most common curative treatment [1]. Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) lesions are the most dangerous complication [1]. The intraoperative neuromonitoring (NIM) is a useful tool in reducing the incidence of nerve injury, but a preoperative examinations of vocal cords function through flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy (FFL) is recommended [1]. FFL is uncomfort...

BackgroundThe incidence of papillary thyroid cancers is increase in last decades due to easier ultrasound diagnosis. The papillary thyroid cancers metastasize via lymphatics to the lymph nodes of the central and later cervical neck compartment. According to 2015 ATA guidelines, the recurrence rate is less 1–2% [2]. The treatment of choice in lymph node recurrences is surgery, but it is burdened by a higher rate of complications (25% of recurrent lar...

Lenvatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), approved for the management of locally recurrent or metastatic, progressive, radioactive iodine–refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). A side effect of this drug is the tracheoesophageal fistula, described in 14.7% of patients. When this side effect is present, the interruption/withdrawn of the TKI is required and in this case no valid therapeutic options are described. We present the case of a 63-year-old woman pa...