Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: The Marine–Lenhart syndrome is a rare cause of hyperthyroidism that is associated with the simultaneous or sequential presence of characteristics related to Graves’ disease and toxic nodular or multinodular goiter. It’s validity as a disease is controversial and some authors believe that these are cases of hyperthyroidism where both etiologies coexist. The presence of hyperfunctioning nodules in Graves’ disease patients ranges between 0.8 and ...

Introduction: Intensive diabetes type 1 management can be achieved either with multiple daily insulin injection therapy or with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). The former is becoming increasingly popular do to its positive effects on glycemic control.Objectives: Evaluate the evolution of total daily insulin dose (TDID) and weight on patients with CSII.Methods: Patients with CSII of our department were included. Dat...

Background: In clinical practice, occasional hypothyroid patients require more than the expected dose of levothyroxine. This could be due to compliance issues, excess body weight, drug interference or malabsorption. The Grampian Automated Follow-Up Register (GAFUR) currently monitors around 17 500 hypothyroid patients on levothyroxine; 36 (0.6%) patients take more than 250 μg of levothyroxine daily.Methods: A questionnaire was sent to these patients...

Aim: To evaluate the relationship between autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT), subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and cardiovascular risk factors.Patients and methods: We recorded thyroid function tests, BMI, insulin resistance markers comprising the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR and HOMA-B), the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), hepatic insulin sensitivity index (HISI), whole-body insulin sensitivity index (WBI...

Introduction: Non-islet cell tumor induced hypoglycemia (NICTH) is a paraneoplastic phenomenon involving many types of tumors. It is associated with the secretion of incompletely processed precursors of IGF-2 resulting in a persistent insulin-like activity and hypoglycemia. Most commonly, IGF-2–linked hypoglycemia has been observed in patients with solid mesenchymal or epithelial tumors. Typically, elevated IGF-2 levels are associated with suppressed plasma levels of insu...

Introduction: Functional islet β-cell tumours represent 1–2% of all pancreatic neoplasms. Diagnosing this type of tumour is often challenging because they present with unspecific clinical features overlapping more common syndromes. Diagnosis involves expensive testing, so, establishing whipple’s triad and excluding causes of exogenous hyperinsulinaemia is crucial before initiating investigation.Objective: To report a rare case of a proinsu...

Introduction: The combination of chemotherapy with prophylatic cranial radiotherapy (C-RT) allowed the improvement of survival rates of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) survivors while putting them at risk of develeping long-term endocrine deficiencies, like growth hormone deficiency (GHD).Current evidence suggests that the prevalence of GHD in children treated with radiation doses ≥ 30–50 Gy for non-pituitary brain tumors is...

Paragangliomas (PGL) and pheochromocytomas (PHEO) are rare neuroendocrine tumors with an estimated prevalence of 1:6500 and 1:2500, respectively. Although most PGL/PHEO are benign, approximately 10% of PHEOs and 15-35% of PGLs have metastatic disease, which it is main cause of death, with 6 years of median survival. Objective: To characterize the metastatic PHEOs and PGLs from a single center. Methods: Retrospective analysis of clinical records of patients with metastatic PHEO...

The majority of adrenocortical tumors (ACT) are benign and hormonally non-functioning, in contrast to adrenocortical carcinomas (ACC), which are rare and usually very aggressive tumors. The differential diagnosis between these two entities is mainly based on unspecific and subjective criteria, contributing to the inaccuracy of diagnosis. Due to ACC molecular and biological heterogeneity, prognostic factors have a limited capacity to predict ACC clinical outcomes, leading to an...

Introduction: Caloric restriction combined with overtraining can result in a total body energy deficit, which in turn is associated with multiple deleterious endocrine consequences, including hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. This can be a reversible cause of primary infertility, but its occurrence in men is still poorly recognized.Case Report: We report a case of a 39-year-old male evaluated in an urology appointment for primary infertility. He had a histo...