Endocrine Abstracts

Growth hormone (GH) responsive cells are extensively distributed in the brain, including in neurons of the arcuate nucleus (ARH) and ventromedial nucleus (VMH) of the hypothalamus, areas that control food intake, energy expenditure and blood glucose levels. However, the functional role of central GH signaling for energy and glucose homeostasis has not been unveiled yet. We generated mice lacking GH receptor (GHR) in multiple neuronal populations to investigate whether central ...

Introduction: Struma ovarii (SO) is a rare ovarian teratoma characterized by the presence of thyroid tissue in >50% of the tumour. Malignant transformation is rare and defined by the same histological criteria as for thyroid cancer. There is few data on the literature and treatment is controversial. The objective of this study was to describe the clinical, pathologic and treatment characteristics of women diagnosed with SO in our centre.Methods: Retr...

Introduction: Treatment using radioactive iodine (RAI) is used in several thyroid diseases, including differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). The most frequent adverse effects include acute gastrointestinal symptoms, sialadenitis, xerostomia, cervical pain, and cervical swelling. Chronic symptoms such as obstruction of the salivary ducts, pulmonary fibrosis or other primary malignant diseases are also described. A single case of change in tongue pigmentation / lingua villosa n...

Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs) are recent approved drugs used in malignant melanoma, non-small-cell lung cancer and renal cell cancer. They act by activating host T cell against malignant antigens. Immune checkpoint blockade can lead to breaking of immune self-tolerance, thereby inducing autoimmune/autoinflammatory side effects, such as endocrinopathies. It may affect thyroid, adrenal and pituitary. We present two ICPIs induced thyroiditis cases.<p clas...

Introduction: Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) survivors may develop a range of long-term complications that arise years after therapy. Among these, the endocrine dysfunctions are a major concern. Aim: To investigate the long-term endocrine effects of HL treatment.Methods: Revision of the HL patients’ medical files who were followed at our Endocrine Late-effects Clinics.Results: We studied 178 patients (86 (48.3%) were female), whose mea...

Context: Many pediatric cancer survivors have endocrine conditions. After alkylating agents, steroids, methotrexate and radiation, several endocrine dysfunctions may appear. Surveillance for late effects is recommended by worldwide guidelines.Objective: The objective of the study was to describe the endocrine outcomes of 764 patients followed during a 20 years period in our out-patient clinic.Design: The design was a retrospective ...

Introduction: Chemotherapy may be an important cause of primary infertility, especially in girls submitted to this therapy at very young ages.Clinical case: A 20-year-old female was diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia at the age of 1. She was submitted to chemotherapy: intrathecal methotrexate and cyclophosphamide and i.v. doxorubicin, vincristine, mercaptopurine, asparaginase and bone marrow transplantation at the age of 2. She was ref...

Neurons expressing the agouti-related protein (AgRP) and the pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) are part of the central system responsible for regulating energy balance and food intake. The hypothalamus is sensitive to changes in the inflammatory state. Either high-grade inflammation (e.g., caused by sepsis) or low-grade inflammation (caused by obesity) disturbs the hypothalamic function via inflammatory cytokines. Understanding how these cytokines interact and regulate the circuits ...

Introduction: Hyponatremia is the most common hydroelectrolytic disturbance in clinical practice. Multiple causes exist for its occurrence, being the etiological diagnosis sometimes complex. In patients with suprasellar tumours it is even harder due to several confounding factors. Management of these patients is difficult as it conflicts with chemotherapy-associated hyperhydration protocols. We present a case that exemplifies this.Clinical case: Four yea...

Introduction: Pregnancy leads to extensive adaptations in the female’s body, by changing the secretion and responses to several hormones. GH is required for fetal nutrition, growth during pregnancy and for mammary development and lactation, although its central effects are not completely clarified.Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate whether central GH signaling regulates physiological and metabolic adaptations during pregnancy.<p class...