Endocrine Abstracts

Background and aim: KS has been classically described as characterized by hyperestrogenism and elevated serum E2 together with increased gonadotropins and low-to-normal serum testosterone (T). In literature, data on increased serum E2 are not solid. The aim of this study is to meta-analyse data from studies evaluating serum E2 in both KS and healthy subjects (HS) in order to verify if E2 is increased in KS.Meth...

Background: Conventional parameters evaluated in semen analysis show several limits in the diagnostic setting of male infertility and do not provide any useful prognostic tool for assisted reproductive technique (ART). On the contrary, the assessment of sperm DNA fragmentation (sDF) was proposed to discriminate fertile from infertile men and to predict the follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) treatment response in infertile men. However, a comprehensive evaluation thereof is not...

Background: The recognition of the erectile dysfunction (ED) pathogenesis is essential to identify the appropriate ED management. Since vascular ED (vED) could be a manifestation of a systemic arterial damage, the watershed in the ED diagnostic framework is the discrimination between psychological (pED) and vED. However, reliable tools to directly diagnose pED are currently lacking.Aim of the study: To identify which parameters could predict pED. Moreove...

Background: Testicular overstimulation is the pursued therapeutic goal when exogenous follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is empirically administered to men with idiopathic infertility. Although a robust physiological rationale theoretically supports the FSH use in male idiopathic infertility, useful markers to evaluate its efficacy are still far from being detected. While pregnancy rate remains the strong outcome in couple infertility management, the identification of reliable...

Background: Polyphenols are proposed as protective factors against the occurrence of degenerative diseases affecting several systems, such as cardiovascular and neurocognitive ones. The beneficial effect of polyphenol-enriched diets is assumed to be multifactorial, including direct antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as the polyphenol-related capability to modulate lipid metabolism and gut microbiota function. However, the prediction of polyphenols’ impa...

Background: Luteinizing hormone (LH) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) act on the same receptor, activating different signal transduction pathways. The role of LH or hCG addition to follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) as well as menopausal gonadotropins (hMG) in controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) is debated.Aim: To compare FSH+LH, or FSH+hCG or hMG vs FSH alone on COS outcomes.Design: A meta-analysis according to PRISMA state...

Background: Prevalence of hypogonadism is high (30%) in men with HIV. In these patients T treatment (TT) is currently used mainly to counteract wasting syndrome and/or HIV-related lipodystrophy, irrespective of patients’ serum T. However, its effect and safety in HIV-infected men is still not completely known.Aim: To investigate both beneficial and adverse effects related to TT in HIV-infected men using a meta-analytic approach.<p class="abstext...

Background: Physical exercise represents the first-line therapy in the management of metabolic diseases, considering its beneficial properties on blood pressure, glyco-lipid profile, body composition and hormonal imbalances. On the other hand, testosterone is largely investigated in the setting of competitive sport, representing the main doping source. Although endogenous testosterone levels are demonstrated to be affected by both acute exercise and resistance training, the dy...

Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) management profoundly changed across years, with increasing emphasis on stringent glycaemic control. While it is well demonstrated that the progressive improvement of glycaemic control allows a tighter command of diabetes-related complications, the positive implications thereof on reproductive functions are still unclear. Indeed, it is well known that oligomenorrhea and amenorrhea are more frequently detected in young women with T1DM...

Introduction: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in patients with coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 varies widely, depending on population characteristics, country, age and disease severity. Moreover, pre-existing DM seems to double the risk of both critical COVID-19 and mortality.Aim: To evaluate incidence and mortality risk of COVID-19 in a large diabetic population in Northern Italy.Methods: A retrospective, observational, bi...