Endocrine Abstracts

Cis-gender females are known to mount stronger humoral immune responses than cis-gender males. Little is known about the immunophenotypes of transgender individuals on gender-affirming hormonal treatment, despite growing evidence that hormones influence the immune system.Via the process of class-switch recombination (CSR), B-cell immunoglobulin isotype ‘switches’ from early IgM/IgD classes to IgG/IgA/IgE. Whilst important in infection/vaccine responses; switched isot...

Introduction: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the commonest endocrine disorders affecting women of reproductive age. We examined the specific tests that are done in primary care to lead to the diagnosis of PCOS, and to support the diagnosis once made.Methods: 1797 women were identified from a pooled GP practice database. The search included all patients defined with PCOS or related terms. Records included demographic infor...

Introduction: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the commonest endocrine disorders affecting women of reproductive age. We examined the specific tests that are done in primary care to lead to the diagnosis of PCOS, and to support the diagnosis once made.Methods: 1797 women were identified from a pooled GP practice database. The search included all patients defined with PCOS or related terms. Records included demographic infor...

Introduction: Decreased bone mineral density (BMD) is a concern in Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) given life-long glucocorticoid treatment. We undertook a quality improvement project (QIP) to optimise bone health for all adult CAH patients under our care in line with Endocrine Society CAH Guidelines.Method: Retrospective case notes and electronic records’ review was undertaken to identify CAH patients in University Hospitals of Leicester (UHL)...

Objective: To determine if the impact of pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), fasting glucose levels and post load glucose levels on large for gestational age neonates varies with ethnicity.Data sources: Electronic health records of all eligible pregnant women in an inner city service. Study designRetrospective analysis of pregnant women at risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus (2016-2019) of. Population or sampleEligible pregnant women. Synth...

Androgen Receptor (AR) is central to prostate cancer (PCa) tumorigenesis and metastases. The genomic actions of androgens are mediated by the AR in complex with multiple chromatin modifying coregulators. We and others have identified lysine demethylases (KDMs) as important mediators of androgen signaling and increased expression of specific coregulators, including KDM1A, are implicated in PCa recurrence. There is an urgent need for new PCa treatments. While androgen deprivatio...

Glucuronidation is an enzymatic process that terminally inactivates steroid hormones, including estrogens and androgens, thereby influencing carcinogenesis in hormone-dependent cancers. While estrogens drive breast carcinogenesis via the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), androgens play a critical role as prohormones for estrogen biosynthesis and ligands for the androgen receptor (AR). Herein, the expression and regulation of two androgen inactivating UDP-glucuronosyltransfer...

Genetic variants consistently associated with the development of Graves’ disease (GD) have, to date, been general autoimmunity loci including those within the HLA region, the CTLA-4 gene and most recently the PTPN22 gene encoding lymphoid tyrosine phosphatase (LYP). The thyrotophin receptor gene (TSHR) has recently however, been identified as the first Graves’ disease specific susceptibility locus. To further refine association with disease and exclude populat...

Hypercalcaemia in pregnancy is a rare but important finding, given the associated potential risks to mother and baby. These include hypertension, pancreatitis, nephrolithiasis and renal failure in the mother and intrauterine growth restriction, neonatal hypoparathyroidism/hypocalcaemia and stillbirth in the baby (1). We present the case of a 26-year-old female with a background of PTH-independent hypercalcaemia of unknown aetiology. This was initially detected at age 6 months ...

Background: Absence of effective clinical indicators for thyroid cancer, which has an excellent prognosis, means community ultrasounds (US) can be important in identifying risk. Where cytology is definitive it should be reviewed by appropriate MDT specialists. This study aimed to examine the outcomes from two-week-wait (2WW) referrals.Methods: To achieve these aims, we retrospectively reviewed 293 patients referred on th...