Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Pancreatic endocrine tumors are rare lesions, with an incidence of 4 cases per 1 million pts-yr. Of these lesions,insulinomas are the most common. The nonspecific symptoms and small sizes of these tumors led to difficulties of diagnosis and localization.Case report: A 60 year female pts, had history of episodic and repetitive symptoms of strong headaches for the last 5 years; which were relieved with eating or taking glucose water orally. S...

Introduction: Insulinoma is a rare tumor, with peak incidence at 30 -60 years of age and more frequent in women. It is associated with a myriad of clinical manifestations: from clearly defined adrenergic and neuroglycopenic symptoms to asymptomatic hypoglycemia. We present the case of a 20-year-old patient with pancreatic insulinoma, which was surgically resected only after her second hospitalization due to repeated negative imaging.Case presentation: A ...

Latent autoimmune diabetes of adulthood (LADA) is the most common form of autoimmune Diabetes diagnosed in Adults. Approximately 5–12%of cases in Europeans with apparent type2Diabetes are in facts misdiagnosed LADA. This is a heterogeneous condition that presents with clinical and laboratory manifestations common to type1diabetes and type2 diabetes. Its main feature is the presence of diabetes-associated autoantibodies (mostly autoantibody against glutamicaciddecarboxylas...

Introduction: Hypothyroidism is considered refractory to oral levothyroxine substitution, when there is biochemical (serum level of TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) above the upper target level) or clinical evidence of hypothyroidism, despite increasing dosages of oral levothyroxine beyond 2.5 μg/kg daily. In these circumstances, further increments in the dosage of levothyroxine may not always be the most appropriate intervention. In such a situation, physicians need to ...

Introduction: Basal ganglia calcification or Fahr’s Syndrome is a rare form of neurological disorder. Its prevalence goes from 2 to 12.5 %. It can be primary (idiopathic) or secondary (from metabolic disorders especially from hypoparathyroidism).We present the case of a female patient with hypoparathyroidism and secondary Fahr’s Disease.Case description: The patient L.J. 61 years old, from Pogradec, Albania, who came to the emergency room wit...

IntroductionCalcium is an important metabolite. Abnormal blood calcium levels can affect brain function resulting in clinical signs. Iatrogenic hypercalcemia is a disorder rarely described in literature and there are few reported cases of association with neuropsychiatric manifestations. Psychiatric symptoms and abnormal physical symptoms are usually observed with a serum calcium level above 12 mg/dl. Our case report findings suggest the importance of co...

IntroductionProlactinomas are the most common pituitary tumors and a common cause of infertility because of gonadal dysfunction, in young women. The treatment of choice is dopamine agonists, which can restore fertility and promote shrinking of the tumor in the majority of cases. Managing prolactinomas during pregnancy may be challenging. Treatment discontinuation is recommended once the pregnancy is confirmed in women with microprolactinoma. For micropro...

IntroductionCOVID-19 can precipitate hyperglycaemic emergencies like Hyperosmolar Hyperglycaemic State (HHS) in patients with or without DM. It is currently hypothesized that COVID-19 may have a diabetogenic effect in addition to the stress-related response of glucose metabolism in severe illness. Dexamethasone reduces mortality in people with COVID-19 who require ventilation or oxygen therapy but can impair glucose metabolism. We present a case with HHS...

Introduction: Selenium is a mineral that plays a key role in the intracellular reactions of the thyroid. Some selenium-based proteins have a protective antioxidant function in thyrocytes. Likewise, Selenium is incorporated into deiodinases, helping in the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Through its antioxidant and anti inflammatory properties, selenium affects the development of autoimmune thyroid diseases, such as Graves Disease. Supplementation with selenium is often prescrib...

Introduction: APS-2 is the most common autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome. It is characterized by the presence of various endocrine-related diseases, such as autoimmune thyroid disease, type 1 diabetes mellitus, Addison’s disease, primary hypogonadism, and, in rarer cases, hypoparathyroidism or hypopituitarism.Case report: Our patient is a 38-year-old female with a medical history of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DMT1) for 13 years, Hashimoto’s thyr...