Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Endogenous subclinical hypercortisolism occurs in 5-30% of patients with adrenal incidentalomas. Adrenal adenoma is the commonest cause of autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS), while primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (PBMAH) is rare. In both, ACS results from activation of the cAMP/PKA pathway. This may be triggered by ligands, other than ACTH, acting upon aberrant G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), which may also control locally produced ACTH i...

Introduction: Normocalcemic Primary Hyperparathyroidism is today considered a variant of Primary Hyperparathyroidism. It is characterized by persistently normal calcium levels and increased levels of parathyroid hormone, after the exclusion of other causes of secondary hyperparathyroidism. We aimed to compare clinical, biochemical and imaging data from patients with normocalcemic and hypercalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism. Methods: This is a retrospec...

Objective: Glycemic control of patients with type 1 diabetes is mainly based on insulin administration. The ongoing technological developments in continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) provide new treatment strategies, with better glycemic control. This study assessed the clinical impact of two treatment strategies in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D): multiple daily insulin injections (MDII) vs continuous subcutaneous insulin i...

Introduction: Thyroid hormones and irisin increase energy expenditure and induce browning of adipose tissue. However, little is known about irisin physiology and regulation. Here we aim to elucidate whether thyroid hormones alter circulating irisin concentrations in humans.Design and subjects: One cross-sectional (case-control) evaluation and two interventions were performed independently from each other, including previously thyroidectomized patients. C...

Introduction: The clinical profile of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism has changed significantly in the last decades considering the fact that most cases are asymptomatic. This could be attributed to early diagnosis due to routinely serum calcium measurement. Only 5–27% of patients present with symptoms or signs related to osteoporosis, nephrolithiasis and hypercalcaemia. However, in patients with asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism (APHP) data concerning t...

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the degree of atherosclerosis in women of reproductive age with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Patients and Methods: 71 women (mean age 43.2 y) with T2DM treated with diet or oral anti-diabetic medications and 36 controls were studied. According to menstrual cycle and clinical hyperandrogenism, patients with T2DM were classified into two subgroups, ...

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is usually accompanied by abdominal obesity and insulin resistance which are related with low-grade chronic inflammation, as evidenced by elevation of multiple markers of inflammation, among which is oxidative stress. However, as far as oxidative stress presence, the existing data are limited. The purpose of this study was the investigation of several oxidative stress markers in women with PCOS without insulin resistance.<p cl...

Objective: To investigate endocrine disorders concerning bone metabolism, thyroid and gonadal axis in treatment–naïve HIV-infected male patients.Subjects and methods: We studied 70 male, treatment-naïve patients (stage A=60, stage B=10) from the Infectious Diseases Unit of our Hospital. Anthropometric indices were measured and BMI was calculated for each participant. Blood samples were obtained after an overnight fasting for the evaluation...

Introduction: Papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (PTMC) are usually considered low-risk tumors with favorable prognosis. However, a small percentage behaves aggressively and controversies exist for various prognostic factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate demographic and tumor specific characteristics related to PTMC invasiveness.Patients – methods: This is a retrospective study of 510 thyroidectomized patients with PTMC who were treated in t...

IntroductionGlucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are the two novel classes of anti-diabetic agents with compelling efficacy, in terms of glucose-lowering and cardio-renal protection. Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (EDKA) is a serious rare adverse effect of SLT2i while the use of GLP-1RA has been scarcely linked with acute pancreatitis in humans.Case presentatio...