Endocrine Abstracts

The octapeptide hormone angiotensin II (Ang II) exerts its major biological effects via angiotensin AT1 receptors (AT1Rs). Signaling of AT1Rs is regulated by ß-arrestins, which bind to activated AT1Rs, uncouple them form G proteins, and initiate their internalization via clathrin-coated pits and cause G protein independent MAP kinase activation. It has been shown previously that AT1Rs internalize via ß-arrestin-d...

Background: Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) <1 cm without risk factors require only lobectomy, and there is no need for radioiodine remnant ablation (RRA). The approach for surgery and RRA after surgery is less clearly defined for tumours measuring 1–4 cm.Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the surgical approaches of DTC in stages pT1–2 in a moderate iodine deficient area. We compared our data to the current European Thyroid As...

The incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer gradually increased in the last few decades. Primery thyroid cancer is usually located in the thyroid gland and can be classified into well differentiated and poorly differentiated forms. Sooner or later, these cancers metastatize into local lymphnodes or distant organs.We present the histories of two patients with anusual forms of thyroid cancer.A woman of 64 was admitted in our depar...

The human homeostasis is determined by psycho-neuro-endocrine-immuno processes. This biological balance-system depends on their communication of direct environment (eg. nutrition, respiration, etc. as in the metabolism). The basic of human communication-way with environment are defined by nutrition. This contains various agents: eg. proteins, lipids, sugars, vitamins, ions, etc. When the elements of nutrition is substituted, the markers of homeostatic processes and regulations...

Second malignant neoplasm following irradiation is a rare sequelae of primary childhood malignancies. Irradiation is a well-known risk factor for the development of benign and malignant thyroid tumors. Here we present the case of a young woman with medulloblastoma, who later developed thyroid cancer and eventually was also diagnosed with a cholangiocarcinoma.At the age of 7 the patient presented with headaches, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, somnolence and d...

The angiotensin II (AngII) hormone exerts a number of biological effects through the type 1 angiotensin II receptor (AT1R). One of the main targets of AngII are vascular smooth muscle cells, their stimulation activates many signaling pathways and results in gene expression changes.Affymetrix Gene Chip experiments were performed to analyze the effects of AngII stimulation on gene expression. For the determinations, aortic thoracic aorta from young male Wi...

Obesity is a major contributor to a range of metabolic disorders responsible for much of the medical morbidity and mortality. Increasing numbers of reports concerning not only obesity, but diabetes, hyperglycaemia and lipid dysregulation in patients treated with antipsychotics have raised concerns about a possible association between these metabolic effects and treatment with these medications. The objective of our study was to investigate the prevalence of obesity and other m...

Vitamin D deficiency is common in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) based on routinely determined total-25-hydroxyvitaminD (t-25OHD) levels. The present knowledge is contradictory whether the direct measured free-25OHD (dm_f-25OHD) or the calculated free-25OHD (c_f-25OHD) is the best indicator of the vitamin D supply for CRF patients. Adding methods to our previously described first experiences on this subject, in this study we aimed to serve newer data to make this qu...

Insulinomas are predominantly benign pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors presenting with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. Patients with significant hypoglycemic episodes can pose a management challenge. Based on the extent and the aggressiveness of the disease patients may be offered different treatment regimens. Although surgical resection is currently the standard treatment for pancreatic insulinoma, alternative treatment options, such as endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle ...

Acromegaly is a rare disorder caused by growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) overproduction, associated with increased morbidity and mortality. It has different complications, among which insulin resistance, prediabetes and diabetes mellitus are substantial. GH affects glucose metabolism through different mechanisms. The therapy of GH overproduction (for example surgical or radiotherapy) improves glucose metabolism, while different types of medical ther...