Endocrine Abstracts

We previously reported the impact of low-carbohydrate/high-fat (LC–HF) diets on different endocrine systems in rats. To unravel metabolic pathways involved, we now studied if pair-feeding isoenergetic amounts of three different diets – all composed of macronutrient from the same sources but at different relative abundance, – leads to specific changes of the plasma metabolic profile.Methods: Plasma was collected from male Wistar rats (n<...

In rats, we have previously demonstrated that consumption of low-carbohydrate/high-fat diets (LC–HFD) led to significant reductions in circulating IGF1. We further observed that rats fed an extreme, ketogenic, but comparably low protein LC–HFD (LC–HF-2) showed loss of bodyweight, which was mainly due to loss of lean body mass (LBM). Consumption of a moderate protein LC–HF diet (LC–HF-1) did not affect LBM acquisition compared to controls. We now invest...

Differential diagnosis between bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (BAH) and aldosterone producing adenoma (APA) in aldosteronism remains challenging in many cases due to the high prevalence of incidentalomas during imaging techniques, the limited sensitivity of orthostatic testing and the technical difficulties of adrenal vein sampling (AVS).We investigated circadian variation in salivary aldosterone (SA) in patients with APA (n=22) and BAH (n=2...

Maintenance of ketosis and increases in resting energy expenditure (EE) are two proposed mechanisms for weight loss observed in humans performing low-carbohydrate/high-fat (LC-HF) diets like the Atkin’s diet. To explore these potential mechanisms, we pair-fed isocaloric amounts of regular chow (CH) or two LC-HF diets (carbohydrates~1%ME) to male Wistar rats for 4 weeks. LC-HF-1 (fat~66%ME) was matched in protein content to CH, whereas LC-HF-2 was even higher in fat (~94%M...

The prevalence of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) following traumatic brain injury (TBI) based on IGF-1 testing differs in literature between 10 and 40%. In our cohort the frequency of IGF-1 values <1 S.D. was 25%. If our patients had a minimal hepatocellular damage, the IGF-1 value could be <1 S.D. We evaluated the effects of BMI and liver function on IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 values in patients following TBI or subarachnoidal haemorrhage (SAH).<...

Leptin and ghrelin are correlated to acute and chronic nutritional status. Elevated BMI and fat mass as well as food intake increase leptin levels whereas ghrelin levels are reduced. Ghrelin stimulates growth hormone (GH) secretion. The influence of GH on ghrelin is unclear. Since GH reduces fat mass and is dependent on nutritional status we performed this prospective cross sectional study in order to investigate any interaction between GH, ghrelin and leptin levels in active ...

Approximately 50% of patients with severe AGHD (defined by the international consensus criteria, peak GH <3 ng/ml) have a normal age- and gender-related IGF-I. It remains unclear whether in these individuals IGF-I is GH-dependent.We performed a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, cross-over study on the effect of pegvisomant (20 mg daily for 14 days) on the relationship between GH and IGF-I in 3 age-, gender- and BMI-matched cohorts (Norms:...

Approximately 50% of patients with severe AGHD (defined by the international consensus criteria, peak GH <3 ng/ml) have a normal age- and gender-related IGF-I. It remains unclear whether in these individuals IGF-I is GH-dependent. We performed a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, cross-over study on the effect of pegvisomant (20 mg daily for 14 days) on the relationship between GH and IGF-I in 3 age-, gender- and BMI-matched cohorts (Norms: 5 GHD patients with n...

The leptin receptor (ObR) exists in multiple isoforms. In humans, there is no mRNA encoding soluble receptor (LBP). We investigated the hypothesis that human LBP can be generated by proteolytic cleavage of membrane anchored leptin receptors (ObRb and ObRa). LBP, of similar size to that previously detected in human serum, was detected in medium of cells transfected with ObRa by HPLC, Immunofluorometric assay, and Ligand mediated immunofluorometric assay, but not by ELISA. The L...

ContextE47 is a transcription factor mostly known for its role in B and T cell lineage commitment. Recently E47 was identified as a modulator of glucocorticoid receptor target genes, its loss protecting mice from metabolic adverse effects of glucocorticoids. Patients with Cushing’s syndrome (CS) suffer from an endogenous glucocorticoid excess due to tumour formation associated with a variety of metabolic comorbidities seriously affecting patients&#1...