Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Islet transplantation is an NHS-funded procedure introduced to the UK in 2011 for patients with the most severe type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). These particular patients have unstable blood glucose, frequently occurring episodes of severe hypoglycaemia and impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia (IAH).Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of islet transplantation in improving glycaemic control, reducing the burden of hypoglycaemia and improv...

Background: Kisspeptin is a critical activator of hypothalamic gonadotrophin-releasing hormone neurons, inducing release of downstream reproductive hormones. Intravenous or subcutaneous kisspeptin administration has been shown to have significant potential to treat reproductive disorders. However, intranasal administration could offer a novel non-invasive delivery route, which would be clinically preferable. We therefore sought to determine the effects of intranasal kisspeptin...

Background: Patients with hypoparathyroidism experience significant physical and cognitive symptoms and reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Conventional therapy for hypoparathyroidism does not fully alleviate diminished HRQoL. The Hypoparathyroidism Patient Experience Scales (HPES) were developed to assess disease-specific physical and cognitive symptoms as well as the impact of hypoparathyroidsm on HRQol. TransCon PTH, an investigational long-acting prodrug of par...

Background: Kisspeptin is a critical activator of hypothalamic gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons and has significant potential to treat common reproductive disorders. To date, kisspeptin has solely been administered to humans via the intravenous or subcutaneous routes, however intranasal administration could offer a novel non-invasive delivery route. We therefore sought to determine the effects of intranasal kisspeptin on reproductive hormone release in humans for...

Background: Hot flushes (HF) affect 70% of menopausal women and can be debilitating. Oestrogen administration is effective but not without risk. Neurokinin B signalling is increased in menopausal women, and is likely critical in the aetiology of their HF. We therefore hypothesised that a neurokinin 3 receptor (NK3R) antagonist could attenuate menopausal flushing.Design: This single-centre, phase 2, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover ...

Background: Hot flushes (HF) affect 70% of menopausal women and can be debilitating. Oestrogen administration is effective but not without risk. Neurokinin B signalling is increased in menopausal women, and is likely critical in the aetiology of their HF. We therefore hypothesised that a neurokinin 3 receptor (NK3R) antagonist could attenuate menopausal flushing.Design: This single-centre, phase 2, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover ...

Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) that causes substantial morbidities including pain, foot ulcers, lower limb amputation, and depression. It is said to affect about 50% of adults with diabetes. Understanding the predictors of DPN will help to re-focus on early preventive strategies to reduce its enormous untold morbidities.Methods: This is a multi-center cross-sectional st...

Background: LA-SSA therapy, including octreotide long-acting release (LAR) and lanreotide depot (LAN), is recommended as first-line therapy for treatment of unresectable or metastatic NETs. Understanding treatment sequencing and dosing patterns of LA-SSAs is essential for clinical decision-making to provide value-based management of NET for both the patients and healthcare system. This study describes treatment patterns of LA-SSA therapy among privately insured patients with N...

Background: There is emerging evidence that kisspeptin, a hormone with well-established reproductive effects, may also have important metabolic effects. Acute kisspeptin administration enhances insulin secretion under hyperglycaemic conditions in male rodents and men, and kisspeptin receptor agonism improves steatohepatits in male mice in a rodent model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. However, the metabolic effects of kisspeptin may exhibit sexual dimorphism as female (b...

Background: Placentation (invasion of the placenta into the maternal endometrium) is hypothesised to be critical for healthy placental function and is abnormal in two thirds of miscarriages. Kisspeptin has emerged as a putative regulator of physiological placentation; it is highly expressed in placental syncytiotrophoblasts and could play an important paracrine role in the regulation of placentation. Circulating kisspeptin levels are considerably raised during healthy pregnanc...