Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Acidosis activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and induces glucocorticoid-mediated atrophy of skeletal muscle. The enzyme 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) converts inactive cortisone to active cortisol and modulates glucocorticoid signalling locally within skeletal muscle. Here, we address a gap in knowledge how acidosis affects 11β-HSD1 activity in human skeletal muscle cells.Methods: Quadrice...

Introduction: Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is a rare disease, characterized by an unregulated insulin release, leading to hypoglycaemia. It is the most frequent cause of persistent and severe hypoglycaemia during the neonatal period and early childhood. Mutations in KATP < genes (ABCC8 and KCNJ11), together account for up to 70% of CHI. CHI can either be transient or persistent. Transient CHI tends to resolve spontaneously and is n...

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterised by hyperandrogenism, oligo/amenorrhoea and subfertility but the effects on mental health outcomes are unclear. Offspring neurodevelopment might also be influenced by gestational androgen exposure.Aims: To determine if (i) there is an association between PCOS and psychiatric outcomes, and (ii) rates of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorde...

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterised by hyperandrogenism, oligo/amenorrhoea and subfertility but the effects on mental health outcomes are unclear. Offspring neurodevelopment might also be influenced by gestational androgen exposure.Aims: To determine if (i) there is an association between PCOS and psychiatric outcomes, and (ii) rates of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorde...

Introduction: Children and young people with T1DM living in the least deprived areas have better diabetes control vs those in most deprived areas with UK NPDA data suggesting that deprivation and ethnicity are associated with less use of technology.1Aims: 1. Review distribution of technology between different socio-economic and ethnic groups 2. To compare mean recent HbA1c results between groups using different combinations of technology<p...

Background: Hypercalcaemia is common in renal transplant recipients, the majority of whom have PTH-dependent hypercalcaemia due to tertiary hyperparathyroidism. PTH-independent hypercalcaemia is less common and is associated with significant, treatable underlying pathologies. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence and aetiology of PTH-independent hypercalcaemia in post-renal transplant patients.Method: This was a retrospective, single-centre ...

G protein-coupled receptors are the largest family of mammalian receptors, with key roles in controlling most physiological processes. Ovarian function is no exception, with a key ovarian GPCR, follicle stimulation hormone receptor (FSHR), and its endogenous ligand, FSH, critical for pre-antral-antral follicle growth and survival. An increasingly important way that GPCRs have been shown to regulate ligand specificity and signal amplitude is via association and formation of dim...

Introduction: Somatostatin analogues (SSA) are a cornerstone in the treatment of neuroendocrine tumours. Two clinical trials have defined the disease control effect of these treatments; the PROMID study of Octreotide LAR v’s placebo, median time to tumour progression (TTP) 14.2 m v’s 6.0 m, and the CLARINET study (Lanreotide v’s placebo), median progression free survival (PFS) 31 m v’s 18 m. In every day practice, however, many neuroendocrine tumours commen...

Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1b (PHPT1b) is a rare disorder due to resistance to parathyroid hormone (PTH) and subsequent hypocalcaemia, hyperphosphataemia and normal or raised PTH levels. Sufferers usually present in childhood with seizures or tetany due to hypocalcaemia. Typically, PHPT1b is associated with defects on the long-arm of chromosome 20 in the form of uniparental (paternal) disomy of 20q or genetic mutations or sporadic epigenetic changes in GNAS gene. G...

Context: Parathyroid carcinoma is a very rare malignancy. It arises as a separate structure rather than from a pre-existing parathyroid adenoma. It may be difficult to differentiate it from parathyroid adenoma based on histology. When evaluating primary hyperparathyroidism clinical correlation should be taken into account. Clinical features of parathyroid carcinoma may include male gender, palpable neck nodule and higher parathyroid hormone and serum calcium levels associated ...