Endocrine Abstracts

IntroductionWomen with Turner Syndrome (TS), characterised by the complete or partial absence of one X-chromosome in females, are reported to have an increased risk of coeliac disease, inflammatory bowel disease and angiodysplasia. These may contribute to iron deficiency and anaemia through malabsorption or blood loss. This study screened the serum ferritin and haemoglobin measurements in an adult TS population.MethodSerum ferritin concentrations were measured in 1...

Modern methods of induction of ovulation and assisted conception techniques have offered renewed hope for many infertile couples, including those with genetic causes of infertility. Turner's syndrome is, of course, characterised by primary ovarian failure and although spontaneous ovulation and conceptions have occasionally been reported, (usually in mosaic forms of Turner's) these events are rare and unpredictable. Attempts to induce ovulation are futile. The most realistic ch...

Introduction: Turner syndrome (TS) is a chromosomal disorder affecting female and characterized by complete or partial monosomy of the X chromosome. These genetic changes lead to the abnormalities in growth and development and increase the risk of autoimmune diseases, including those affecting the thyroid. Thyroid pathology in TS may include autoimmune thyroiditis, hypothyroidism, thyrotoxicosis (Graves disease, AIT in the hyperthyroid state). Thyrotoxicosis is the clinical sy...

Turner's syndrome is the most commonly occurring chromosomal abnormality in females. Adults with Turner's have a threefold increase in mortality and life expectancy is reduced. Recent recommendations for the follow-up of women with Turner's syndrome include annual checks of thyroid function, serum lipids, blood glucose, liver function, renal function, and 3 to 5 yearly echocardiography, bone densitometry, and audiogram.We have reviewed actual follow-up m...

Background: Turner syndrome (TS) is an important cause of short stature, however, there are a few reported cases of concomitant occurrence of TS and growth hormone deficiency (GHD).Case report: We report a 23-year-old female with concominat TS and GHD, also presenting partial FSH/LH deficiency and primary myxedema. The patient had iniatially been evaluated at the age of 15 for short stature and primary amenorrhea when she was diagnosed with Turner syndro...

Hypophosphataemia is a common mineral metabolic abnormality affecting 2-3% of all hospital in patients and up to 34% of ICU patients. The causes are numerous. Over the last two decades following the identification of Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) as the phosphaturic hormone responsible for Autosomal Dominant Hypophosphataemic Rickets (ADHR) in 2000 there has been an explosion in the understanding of phosphate homeostatic physiology and disorders of phosphate homeostasis...

Immune checkpoint inhibitors are a new group of monoclonal antibodies against checkpoints in normal T Lymphocyte activation enabling immune system activation in order to target cancer cells. First used for treatment of melanoma in 2011, they are currently indicated for management of an increasing spectrum of malignancy. Endocrinopathy secondary to checkpoint inhibitors is commonly observed. This has led to a new group of patients requiring specialist investigation, management,...

Acute hypocalcaemia can be a serious and potentially fatal medical emergency while chronic hypocalcaemia may be debilitating and is often associated with reduced quality of life. The usual aetiology of hypocalcaemia is hypoparathyroidism which is sufficiently rare to be officially recognised as an ‘orphan’ condition. Other causes of hypocalcaemia include vitamin D deficiency and hypomagnesaemia secondary to proton pump inhibitor therapy. The relative rarity of hypopa...

Hypercalcaemia is a moderately common condition accounting for approximately 1% of all acute general medical presentations. Guidance on emergency management of the hypercalcaemic patient, aimed primarily at the generalist and at guiding initial stages of management has recently been developed by the society (https://www.endocrinology.org/policy/docs/13-02_EmergencyGuidance-Acute...

On a background of an increasing number of Nurse-Led Clinics and Endocrine Specialist nurses taking on many varying extended roles and responsibilities, 2015 has seen several important developments in the medicolegal aspects of practice.Nurse-led endocrine clinics often develop ad ho, and whilst there is very helpful guidance available (a Royal College of Nursing accredited Competency Framework developed by the Society for Endocrinology, and the new 2015...