Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Hypothyroidism is a common disorder, with a prevalence of approximately 5% and incidence of approximately 250/100,000 per year in the adult population, but both prevalence and incidence keep raising. Refractory hypothyroidism is defined by persistent TSH increase despite the administration of supra physiological weight-based dose of levothyroxine, which is usually >1.9ug/kg/d in patients with primary hypothyroidism.Aim of the Work: To com...

Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is the most serious acute metabolic complications of diabetes. Unfortunately, there is a dearth of published data on this entity from Egypt. The aim of our work was to determine the clinical characteristics, precipitating causes and mortality rate of patients with diabetic ketoacidosis in National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology.Methods: Our work is a retrospective study in which we reviewed and analyzed th...

Background: Current criteria for the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) are limited by their nonspecificity (serum bicarbonate [HCO3] and pH) and qualitative nature (the presence of ketonemia/ketonuria). A new method is now available to measure capillary levels of beta-hydroxybutyrate (beta -0HB), It is a quantitative and enzymatic test that uses the same equipment as for home capillary blood glucose determination but with specific strips. Aim of the work: The aim of thi...

Obesity is a major risk factor for chronic non communicable diseases and plays a central role in the insulin resistance or metabolic syndrome, which includes hyperinsulinemia, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and an increased risk of adult onset obesity and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (1). Insulin resistance is a state in which a given concentration of insulin produces a less than expected biological effect. The metabolic syndrome is a cluster...

Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) is a group of inflammatory thyroid disorders with either hyperthyroid, euthyroid or hypothyroid state. The aim of this study is to detect the subclinical thyroiditis among the Egyptians type 1 diabetic patients and to study the relation of the thyroid antibodies to different metabolic control indices of diabetes. The study group consisted of 50 type 1 diabetic patients aged from 8 to 18 years. They were selected from the out-patient daily clinics o...

Type 1 diabetes is a chronic autoimmune disease with a subclinical prodromal period characterized by the presence of circulating antibodies to various islet cell proteins. Our main objective is to estimate the prevalence of diabetes-associated autoantibodies in a group of 1st degree relatives, compared to healthy control subjects. Also, we tried to assess the insulin secretory capacity in subjects having multiple antibodies using first phase insulin response (FPIR) to intraven...

Introduction: Mast cells are critical effectors in inflammatory diseases, including cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and their associated complications. These cells exert their physiological and pathological activities by releasing granules containing histamine, cytokines, chemokines, and proteases, including mast cell-specific chymases and tryptases.Aim of the study: To detect the role of mast cell in diabetic obese and correlation to different dia...

Introduction: A poor vitamin D status has been related to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Carotid intima–media thickness (IMT) has shown to be an early marker of subclinical atherosclerotic Therefore, we aimed at examining the association between vitamin D status and the extent of carotid IMT in type 2 diabetics.Subjects and methods: In a cross sectional study 78 type 2 diabetic patients attending the Diabetes and Endocrinology Clinic i...

Introduction: Ataxia telangiectasia (AT) is a rare, genetic, primary immune deficiency disease characterised by immunodeficiency and neurological manifestations, with increased tendency to infection, malignancy, and autoimmune diseases. Both growth delay and endocrine abnormalities are occasionally reported in these patients.Aim: To study linear growth in relation to endocrine and immune functions in a cohort of children with AT.Pa...

Vitamin D deficiency causes rickets in children and osteomalacia in adolescents. Rickets cases are still being reported in the Arab gulf area and worldwide. The clinical spectrum ranges from subclinical (asymptomatic) form to severe symptoms and signs including progressive bone pains, myopathy, waddling gait and bone deformities.We recorded the clinical, biochemical and radiological data 50 adolescents with severe vitamin D deficiency. Clinical symptoms ...