Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Acromegaly is an orphan neuroendocrine disease characterized by a variety of complications. Due to slow symptom progression acromegalic patients often are involved in growth hormone complications correction for a long time instead of search for main cause of these multiple disorders. A view on conductive hearing loss in acromegaly in literature is contradictory. The low incidence of hearing in acromegaly, compared with other complications, is presumably due to the ...

Introduction: Recent studies demonstrate decrease in vitamin D3 level and bone mineral density in more than 50% of type 1 diabetes (T1DM) patients. It is also suggested that vitamin D deficiency in familial mediterranean fever (FMF) patients may trigger the disease flare. These patients are at high-risk of other autoimmune diseases, as well as described combination of FMF, celiac disease, and autoimmune thyroiditis. However, there are only two case reports on combination of FM...

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) represent a rare and diverse group of tumors with predominant location in the gastro-entero-pancreatic and bronchopulmonary system. At initial diagnosis 50% of the patients present with metastatic disease whereas more than 80% develop metastases in the course of the disease with liver metastases as the most frequent ones. In consideration of the variable and sometimes indolent tumor growth behaviour, risk stratification is an important need for the...

Introduction: Hyperthyroidism is a common endocrine disorder that is associated with prominent cardiovascular manifestations. Recent studies also suggest a potential link between hyperthyroidism and pulmonary hypertension (PH). Right-sided heart failure with clinical manifestation is only occasionally seen in patients with Graves’ disease. The prevalence and pathogenic mechanisms of hyperthyroidism-related PHT remain unclear but based on literary data an autoimmune mechan...

Craniopharyngiomas (CF) - a benign tumor of the embryologic origin. The surgical method of treatment is the basic.Objective: to estimate incidence of hypogonatropic hypogonadism before and after surgical treatment of CF at different topographical variations, and after the preservation of the pituitary stalk. Methods: The research involved 79 patients older than 18 years (41 women and 38 men) with a mean age - 40 [17; 69] with a ver...

Introduction: Short stature is a common reason for pediatric endocrine evaluation and it can have a variety of causes, including constitutional, genetic short stature, dysmorphic syndromes, chronic illnesses and also endocrine disorders. Growth hormone deficiency accounts for 8% of the cases and it can be isolated or associated with other pituitary hormones deficiencies, congenital or acquired, such as in central nervous system tumors.Case report: A 15-y...

Background: CYP24A1 gene encodes the enzyme vitamin D 24-hydroxylase, which converts active vitamin D to inactive metabolites. More than 20 currently described, usually biallelic pathogenic variants of this gene are responsible for idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia manifested typically in childhood (often in newborns) with hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis. However, a few patients (mostly with monoallelic heterozygous pathogenic variant) can develop mild symp...

Background: Approximately 25% of patients with parathyroid carcinoma (PC) have metastases; the most frequent sites include cervical lymph nodes (30%) and lungs (40%). Less common are liver, bones and brain. Surgical resection of local or distant metastases (if possible) provides the best control of hypercalcemia and enhances long-term survival.Case description: A 70-year old patient was admitted to hospital with a primary hyperparathyroidism (PH). He did...

Introduction: Functioning gonadotroph adenomas (FGA) are adenomas secreting and expressing biologically active gonadotropins and causing distinct clinical manifestations. The vast majority of the immunohistochemically confirmed gonadotroph adenomas are hormonally silent (presenting only with mass effects), clinically FGA’s being very rare; whereas their exact prevalence is not known.Case study: A 46 years old male patient presents to our clinic afte...

Thyrotropinoma (TSH-secreting pituitary adenomas, TSH-AG) are rare tumor of the pituitary (0.5–2% of all pituitary adenomas). Localization of the tumor with the appropriate neuroendocrine disorders has features in the clinic. This is due to the direct damage to the nucleus and structures of the pituitary with hypersecretion of TSH, which leads to overstimulation of the thyroid gland and the emergence of the clinical picture of ‘central’ hyperthyroidism. Differen...