Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Non-thyroidal illness syndrome or low T3 syndrome is an alteration of thyroid hormone levels which occurs as a reaction to acute disease. It is characterized by low TSH levels and low T3 and T4 levels. It is transient. The severity of its expression may be related to the severity of the acute disease. It affects patients hospitalized for acute disease in the department of medicine or surgery and in the acute care unit.<p class...

Introduction: Primary hyperparathyroidism is nowadays frequently diagnosed due to routine blood calcium measured in the general biochemical profile. Primary hyperparathyroidism may be due to a parathyroid adenoma or parathyroid hyperplasia. Parathyroid adenoma may occur in the area of the parathyroid glands or may be ectopic.Aim: The aim was to describe the differential clinical expression of primary hyperparathyroidism due to an adenoma or hyperplasia i...

Introduction: Subclinical hyperthyroidism is a syndrome with vague clinical symptoms. It may cause tachycardia, loss of weight or no symptoms at all. Subclinical hyperthyroidism may occur in middle age and in the elderly. It may be related to the occurrence of atrial fibrillation. Subclinical hyperthyroidism may be the result of an autonomous goiter, may occur in the course of follow-up of hypothyroidism, as the needs for treatment may vary over time and substantially diminish...

Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with the development of osteomalacia, as it decreases intestinal calcium absorption and bone mineralization. However, severe vitamin D deficiency may also be correlated with secondary hyperparathyroidism which induces osteoporosis. In addition, it induces muscular dysfunction which along with frailty in old age it may induce falls.Aim: The aim was to present a group of patients with severe vitamin D defici...

Introduction: Vitamin D has been found to be associated with multiple chronic diseases, including diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and other autoimmune diseases. Low vitamin D levels have also been observed in patients with obesity.Aim: The aim was to study vitamin D levels in patients with morbid obesity.Methods: In a group of 32 patients with morbid obesity, BMI 41.77±1.15 (m...

Introduction: Graves’ disease is a multi-system autoimmune disease characterized by hyperthyroidism, ophthalmopathy and pretibial myxedema. The disease presents with hyperthyroidism or more rarely with ophthalmopathy. It runs a various course and many times during its natural course permanent hypothyroidism may ensue.Aim: The aim was to describe the case of a patient with Graves’ disease presenting with ophthalmopathy and subclinical hypothyroi...

Primary hyperaldosteronism may be due to an adrenal adenoma and is an increasingly recognized cause of secondary arterial hypertension. The disease causes hypokalemia and is usually treated surgically by excision of the adrenal adenoma. However, it appears that it may present with a clinical profile without arterial hypertension. The aim was to describe three cases of primary hyperaldosteronism who presented with hypokalemia and an adrenal adenoma with normal blood pressure. A...

Introduction: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is known to induce nodularity in the thyroid and in some cases to coexist with papillary thyroid carcinoma. However, the effect of the development of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis on the course of nodular goiter is not known.Aim: The aim was to describe the effect of the development of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis in the course of nodular goiter.Methods: A cohort of 12 patients, female, age...

Introduction: Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract may have on effect on bone quality manifesting either as osteomalacia or as osteoporosis. Gastritis may have an effect on bone as it requires long term treatment with proton pump inhibitors. Gastrointestinal neoplasms may be accompanied by nutrient malabsorption. These diseases may also be related with vitamin D deficiency.Aim: The aim was to describe two cases of gastrointestinal diseases, namely chro...

Complete or partial edentulism is common in middle age, especially in postmenopausal women. Edentulism may be the result of either dental problems or periodontitis or both. Periodontitis is characterized by systemic inflammation and may be accompanied by osteoporosis. Osteoporotic patients on treatment with anticatabolic agents may develop osteonecrosis of the jaw. The aim was to present the management of osteoporosis in an edentulous patient with severe periodontitis who deve...