Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Growth hormone (GH) potently stimulates lipolysis, and after GH exposure, levels of serum free fatty acids (FFAs) increase in a distinct temporal pattern characterized by a 1-hour lag phase and a peak after 3 hours followed by a gradual return to baseline. This effect predominantly operates during fasting and promotes utilization of lipids from adipose tissue (AT) at the expense of glucose and protein. Prolonged fasting also downregulates the expression of the G0/G...

Background: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) has a positive linear relationship to antral follicle count (AFC) in healthy women. However, studies of intra-follicular AMH-levels indicate a non-linear relation to AFC. It is speculated whether high AMH in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women is due to overactive follicles rather than directly reflect AFC.Study design: We used data from a previous case–control study, including 262 women with prior te...

Introduction: The clinical significance of the impact of GH on glucose homeostasis in adults with GH deficiency (GHD) remains unclear. We report the impact of 4 years of continuous GH therapy on HbA1c and progression to diabetes.Methods: Data were analysed from patients with adult-onset GHD (>20 years old) enrolled in NordiNet® International Outcome Study (IOS) (NCT00960128), an observational study, and treated with GH (Norditropin<su...

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretine hormone with multiple actions besides control of glucose homeostasis. GLP-1 is known to cause natriuresis in humans but the effects on basic renal physiology are still partly unknown.This study therefore aimed to demonstrate the effects of GLP-1 on kidney hemodynamics, electrolyte handling, and the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system in healthy men.Twelve healthy young male...

Introduction: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by primary insulin insufficiency and secondary disruption of GH–IGF–IGFBP axis. S.c. insulin therapy is necessary to normalize this axis. This study aimed to investigate whether the distinct insulin profiles obtained with insulin aspart and human insulin preparations, respectively, affect IGF1 concentration and bioactivity and IGFBP levels differently.Methods: In a randomized, four-period cro...

Introduction: Hyponatremia (serum sodium ≤135 mmol/l), the most common electrolyte disorder encountered, has been associated with increased mortality in patients with particularly cancer, heart failure, chronic kidney and liver disease. However, evidence of the clinical implications in broader populations is scarce, and uncertain due to confounding from preexisting disease. We aimed to examine the association between admission-hyponatremia and 30-day mortality in acute n...

Aims: To compare the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of insulin aspart, biphasic insulin aspart 70 (BIAsp70), biphasic insulin aspart 50 (BIAsp50) and soluble human insulin under experimental conditions.Methods: In this randomised, four-period crossover study, 19 type 1 diabetic patients received subcutaneous injections of identical doses (0.2 U/kg) of either insulin aspart, BIAsp70, or BIAsp50 immediately before a standardized meal, or huma...

Objective: PWS is associated with hypogonadism and partial GH insufficiency. In addition partial insufficiency of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis recently was suggested (de Lind van Wijngaarden 2008) based upon an insufficient response to an overnight single-dose metyrapone in 15 out of 25 (60%) children. We aimed at further exploring this potentially dangerous condition.Methods: During a 1-year period genetically verified PWS pat...

Background: Aortic dissection causes excess mortality in Turner syndrome, and this increased risk is associated with aortic dilation, congenital cardiovascular abnormalities, karyotype, and blood pressure. But risk factor identification is inadequate, and the natural course of aortopathy in Turner syndrome is poorly investigated.Design and methods: Prospective follow-up study in women with Turner syndrome (n=102, examined twice) and healthy age-ma...

Background: The impact of GH on insulin sensitivity is ambiguous since both long standing GH-deficiency as well as acute GH exposure and prolonged GH-excess are associated with insulin resistance.Aim: To test the hypotheses that the insulin antagonistic effect of GH i) is dynamic and depend on ambient GH levels and ii) subsides gradually with time after GH exposure.Methods: Eight GHDA participated in a randomised crossover study. E...