Endocrine Abstracts

Objectives: To systematically characterize autonomously functioning thyroid nodules (AFTN) by clinical, biological and imaging methods, cytology and histology when indicated.Design: Prospective, single-center study conducted from March 2018 until September 2021, in 901 consecutive patients with 67 AFTN evaluated.Methods: Enrolled patients underwent 99mTcO4 scintigraphy evaluation of thyroid function, ultrasound (US) usin...

Background: TSH seems to be positively related to the degree of obesity and weight loss seems to induce a reduction in the TSH levels and T3Total. TSH is the first regulatory mechanism of total energy expenditure and T3 regulates energy metabolism and thermogenesis (1)Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between thyroid function and body mass index (BMI) in obese population. And evaluate the influence of weight reduction af...

Both metabolism and cardiac function fluctuate over the course of the day according to energy supply and demand. The triiodothyronine (T3) regulates several genes related to metabolism and function in cardiomyocytes. Our previous data have suggested that there is a potential interrelationship between the regulation of cardiac function by T3 and the intrinsic circadian clock in the heart. Considering that: i) the hypothyroidism is associated to a reduction...

The anterior pituitary gland occupies a central position in the hypothalamus–pituitary glands axes and secretes hormones involved in reproduction, growth, and metabolism. The plasma concentrations of pituitary hormones present fluctuations during the 24 h and are markedly altered during the hypothyroidism. The presence of an intra-pituitary circadian oscillator might be related to these oscillations; however, the molecular mechanism and the consequences of the hypothyroid...

Objective: To assess metabolic control, cardiovascular risk factors and treatments in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.Methods: Observational and cross-sectional study of 238 T2DM patients who visited endocrinology clinics for the first time or those who did not undergo periodic revisions during the previous year of the study. All reported patients were outpatients, over 18 years of age and they signed informed consent statistical analysis was do...

Introduction: Pancreatic islet transplantation is an attractive approach to re-establish glycemic homeostasis in patients with brittle type 1 diabetes. However, islet damage along the isolation procedure limits the availability of viable islets for transplantation. The donor’s brain death (BD) is among the factors contributing for islet quality loss in this scenario. Exenatide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1) analog, exerts anti-inflammatory effects leading to an increas...

Introduction: Polymorphisms in genes that encode proteins of the innate immune system, such as the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), could affect the immune response as well as the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Activated TLR4 induces expression of a spectrum of proinflammatory cytokines, which have been implicated in insulin resistance. Some studies have reported associations of the TLR4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile polymorphisms with T2DM. However, ot...

Introduction: Long-term insulin independence after pancreatic islet transplantation depends on the engraftment of a large number of viable islets. However, the yield and quality of islets isolated from brain-death (BD) donors are negatively affected by upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines and by hypoxia and oxidative stress that occurs during the BD status. Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are mitochondrial transporters present in the inner mitochondrial membrane and are associ...

Hypophagia and increased energy expenditure under inflammatory condition, such as observed after bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration, are associated with activation of JAK2–STAT3 signaling in the CNS. High fat diet (HFD) is known to induce hypothalamic resistance to leptin signaling mediated by JAK2–STAT3 pathway. In this study we investigated the expression of p-STAT3 in the hypothalamus and brainstem of HFD treated animals under LPS (100 μg/kg) s...

Background: HIV-infected paediatric patients usually show impaired growth. Data reporting abnormalities in GH–IGF–IGFBPs system are scarce and inconclusive.Aim: To analyse blood concentration of the major components of IGF–IGFBPs system in these children and compare them to growth parameters and to cytokines levels.Methods: prepubertal HIV-infected children, aged 8.2±1.7 years, were evaluated every 6 months duri...