Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Higher testosterone levels during pregnancy in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) could be associated with longer offspring ano-genital distance (AGD).Aims: To compare AGD between offspring of mothers with PCOS and controls and to determine possible associations between maternal 3rd trimester testosterone levels and offspring AGD at three months of age.Methods: The study was part of the prospective s...

Objective: Maxillofacial manifestations of acromegaly are well described (prognathism, inter-dental space enlargement, occlusion disorder, macroglossia, prominent cheekbones…) [1] but the dental and periodondal impact of this disease has been poorly investigated. The scientific literature on this topic is scarce, with controversies about gingival and cement enlargement. Our goal is to describe the oro-dental state of these patients as precisely as possible and to study t...

A decline in skeletal muscle nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) can decrease mitochondrial function and energy metabolism in age-related metabolic disease. Restoration of NAD+ using the precursor nicotinamide riboside (NR) may serve to support age and disease driven impairment of mitochondrial energy metabolism. Manipulating NAD+, and consequently cellular pyridine nucleotide NAD(P)(H) pools, may impact the flux of glucose through intermediary energy metabolism pathways....

The use of more tissue-mimetic 3-dimensional (3D) cell culture models for in vitro drug screening has significantly increased in the past with the expectation to overcome with over-interpretation of drug effects obtained with conventional 2D cultures. In this study, we characterized 3D prostate cancer (PCa) organoids where PCa epithelial cells (LNCaP, DuCaP, LAPC4) were cultured alone or with PCa-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in 96 well hanging drop plates in order to...

Background: Obesity is a major risk factor to develop heart failure, in part due to possible lipotoxic effects of increased intramyocardial (MYCL) and/or pericardial (PERI) lipid accumulation. Recent evidence suggests that MYCL is highly dynamic and might rather be a surrogate marker for disturbed energy metabolism than the underlying cause of cardiac dysfunction. On the other hand, PERI might contribute directly by mechanic and paracrine effects. Therefore, we hypothesized th...

Objective: Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (GEP-NENs) are rare and heterogeneous in their tumor biology. Therapeutic options to prevent growth and dissemination are still not satisfactory. As shown previously, survivin and aurora kinases (members of the mitotic chromosomal passenger complex) play a role in cell cycle progression; FOXM1 is a transcription factor that regulates G2/M progression and is associated with grading and metastasis in GEP-NENs. Aurora kina...

Introduction and Objective: Adult craniopharyngioma as a rare neoplasm of the central nervous system is still very poorly understood. The clinical implications for affected patients are numerous, ranging from endocrine dysfunction to visual loss and neurological impairment. Although the progress of this tumor entity is slow by nature, affected patients often suffer from multiple symptoms even after successful treatment with a strong impact on their individual quality of life. ...

It is known that functional hypothalamic amenorrhea is associated with low bone turnover due to low gonadal homone levels. Estrogens are critical for activation of bone remodelling units, suppression of bone reabsorption, increase of 1-25(OH)Vitamin D receptors expression. Other mechanisms could be operative, including improper diet and unbalanced exercise; however the physiopathology of such a condition is not entirely known. In order to evaluate the correlation between pitui...

Introduction: Work-up of thyroid nodules remains challenging. At present, many patients with thyroid nodules are referred to surgery for diagnostic rather than therapeutic purposes. Therefore, the value of non-invasive diagnostic methods to optimize the selection of patients for surgery is needed. Strain elastography (SE) enables the determination of tissue elasticity and has shown promising results for the differentiation of thyroid nodules.Methods: The...

Objective: To characterise insulinoma diagnosed and treated in the period 1983–2014 in various hospitals in Spain.Methods: Inclusion criteria were the presence of biochemical and morphological criteria compatible with insulinoma and/or histologic demonstration of tumour.Results: Twenty-nine patients (23 women (79.3%); mean age 48.7±17.4 years (range, 16–74)) were recruited. In 26 (89.7%) cases the tumor was sporadic ...