Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Primary acinic cell carcinoma (ACC) is an uncommon salivary gland (SG) tumor, making up 1–3% of all SG neoplasms, more frequent in women, at 40–60 year old. The cause is still unknown and the only well-established risk factor is ionizing radiation. ACC metastasize in 10–15% of the cases, 35% tends to recur and the rate of disease-associated death is about 16%. Surgical resection is the mainstay treatment, but radiation therapy may be used in some c...

Introduction: Pheochromocytomas and extra-adrenal paragangliomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors, with a peak incidence between the 3rd–5th decades of life and about 10% are malignant. Although they have the same radiographic and histologic characteristics of their benign counterpart, malignant pheochromocytomas are diagnosed by the presence of local invasion or metastatic tumor in the non-chromaffin tissues, and offer a poorer prognosis. Treatment is typically extirpative...

Insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) is a very rare cause of hypoglycaemia in western countries. One proposed mechanism is anti-insulin antibody capture of prandial insulin followed by the dissociation of insulin from anti-insulin antibody. The first objective was to study the relationship between glucose, insulin and C-peptide during a prolonged glucose load in two patients with active IAS. The second was to study the variation of these parameters between the active and the reco...

Background: Nivolumab is a monoclonal antibody specific for human PD-1 (programmed cell death protein-1), a checkpoint molecule highly expressed in several cancers. Nivolumab is an immunotherapeutic strategy for human cancer, but it can interfere with endocrine system.Case reports: We report four cases regarding nivolumab-associated endocrinopathies: (i) Male, 55-year-old, with previous normal cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels, treat...

Introduction: Bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (BIPSS) is the gold-standard for the differential diagnosis of ACTH-dependent Cushing Syndrome when the pituitary adenoma on MRI is doubtful or absent. This study aimed to analyze whether BIPSS can influence the outcome in patients with Cushing disease (CD).Methods: Retrospective, descriptive study. Forty-two patients with CD submitted to transsphenoidal surgery (TS) between 2005 and 2016 were divi...

Introduction: Successful long-term management of patients with Cushing’s disease (CD) remains a challenge. Few studies have analyzed the long-term recurrence rates of CD after transsphenoidal surgery (TS).Objectives: 1) to compare the outcome of patients with and without postoperative criteria for cure; 2) to compare the outcome of patients with and without a histological diagnosis of adenoma.Methods: Retrospective, descriptiv...

Introduction: During childhood and puberty, growth hormone(GH) is essential for linear growth. Consequently, children with isolated GH deficiency(GHD) must receive replacement therapy. GH has also important metabolic actions. GHD in adults is associated with altered body composition. However, long-term consequences of GH treatment in adults is not sufficiently known.Objective: To evaluate GH treatment during pediatric age in patients with isolated GHD.</...

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is the most common chronic autoimmune thyroid disease, which is characterized by alteration of the thyroid function. HT is a multifactorial disorder and several candidate genetic loci have been identified as contributing to HT. The transcription factor Nrf2, encoded by the NFE2L2 gene, is an important regulator of the cellular protection against oxidative stress. The relevance of selenoproteins in follicular thyroid cell physiology and in mole...

Introduction: Given the significant impact of thyroid function on body weight, energy metabolism and adipocytes physiology, our aim was to study the impact of subclinical thyroid dysfunction in plasmatic levels of adipokines and ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule 1).Methods: We evaluated 98 patients with autoimmune thyroid disease divided into three groups: 30 who were euthyroid (TSH=0.35–4.94 UI/ml), 35 with subclinical hypothyroidism (hypoSC,...

Introduction: The diagnosis of Cushing’s syndrome is often challenging considering that none of the used laboratory tests has an ideal diagnostic accuracy. The complexity of the diagnosis increases in cyclic disorder, which is characterized by repeated episodes of cortisol excess followed by periods of normal cortisol secretion.Case report: A 32-year-old woman with history of arterial hypertension and obesity presented with weight gain, hirsutism, a...