Endocrine Abstracts

Changes in the composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) induce different cell signaling in normal tissues and in pathological conditions. ECM alteration in the adrenal microenvironment may contribute to both the development and function of adrenal gland. The adrenal gland consists of a cortex, with three concentric zones, glomerulosa (ZG), fasciculata (ZF) and reticularis (ZR), and the medulla (M), surrounded by a capsule. Here, we describe the differences among the ECM s...

Introduction: Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is an extremely rare malignancy. A complete surgical excision is often difficult, and persistent/recurrent disease occurs in up to 65% of cases. Progression often leads to symptomatic hypercalcemia, the major contributor to poor quality of life and mortality. Treatment options beyond surgical resection are limited. Denosumab is an approved therapy for refractory hypercalcemia of malignancy, and its use in unresectable PC has been descri...

Obesity incidence is increasing globally at an alarming rate, particularly amongst children and young adults. Male obesity has been linked with a reduction in sperm quality and consequently decreased fertilization rates. Seminal vesicles are considered fundamental for male fertility and though for men’s health. Vesicle seminal secretion contributes to a significant volume of seminal fluid, being extremely important for semen coagulation and sperm motility. Recent studies ...

Background and aims: Obesity is a chronic multifactorial disease characterized by an excessive accumulation of body fat resulting from an imbalance between energy intake and caloric expenditure. Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane and plays an important role in the regulation of energy expenditure. NLR family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome seems to have a key role in obesity-induced inflammation through production of the ...

Introduction: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 syndrome (MEN1) is a hereditary autosomal dominant disorder caused by germline mutations in the MEN1 tumour-suppressor gene and is typically characterized by parathyroid adenomas, duodenopancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and pituitary adenomas. Breast cancer has recently been identified as manifestation of MEN1 and female patients have early onset elevated breast cancer risk.Case report: Female pati...

Introduction: In diabetes insipidus (DI) the serum sodium is often in the high normal range, required to provide the ongoing stimulation of thirst to replace the urinary losses. Marked hypernatremia can occur if a central lesion impairs both ADH release and thirst.Case report: A 57-year-old woman presented with dysuria, polyuria and fever. She was medicated with ciprofloxacin, however, she maintained symptoms, accompanied in the next day by nausea, vomit...

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an expected condition in Cushing syndrome (CS) but there are few data about prevalence and factors associated to occurrence of DM in these patients.Objective: To determine the main aspects of DM in CS through a systematic review (SR) of the literature.Methods: MEDLINE and LILACS were searched for studies published until March, 2016. Search strategy comprised the terms “Diabetes Mellitus&...

Introduction: Regional lymph node (LN) metastases have prognostic significance in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Several studies demonstrated that lateral neck LN metastasis, classified as N1b, have a greater impact on overall survival than central LN metastasis. Our study aimed to assess the risk of N1a vs N1b involvement on outcome in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), according to the 7th edition of the TNM staging system.Methods...

Background: The review of the Bethesda System Classification has brought some challenge to the clinical role of category III lesions. Repeating fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is time-consuming, painful, brings additional cost and sometimes does not change the clinical decision. Our aim was to prove if there is true benefit in repeating FNA.Methods: Retrospective review of 4549 thyroid FNAs between January 2012 and June 2015, from which 671 classified as AU...

Introduction: Obesity is a chronic disease associated with multiple comorbidities, defined by BMI, without considering the metabolic state of the patient. There are few data on the proportion of obese patients without metabolic syndrome (MS).Objective: To characterize patients considered to be metabolically healthy (MH) followed at the obesity outpatient clinic of one University Hospital, and to compare this group with a group of obese patients with MS.<...