Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Cushing’s syndrome is represented by the cummulation of signs and symptoms of excess glucocorticoids and has many potential causes. Approximately 20 percent of all cases are represented by ACTH-independent adrenal tumors – with a majority of these being represented by cortisol secreting adrenal adenomas. Generally, a large adrenal tumor has over 5 cm in diameter and the risk of it being malignant raises proportionately with the dimensions. Large adrenal t...

Introduction: Paraneoplastic Cushing’s syndrome is attributed to ectopic ACTH release from a non-pituitary tumor. The lung is frequently the primary site of the underlying neoplasm but sometimes, in cases of advanced metastatic disease, determining the origin may be challenging.Case presentation: A70-year-old man was reffered to our centre for generalised bone pain, lethargy, and important weight loss in the last six months. Before admission, a cont...

Introduction: Besides medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), increased calcitonin serum concentrations may be due, rarely, to neuroendocrine tumour (NET) ectopic secretion, especially those of the foregut (pancreatic/lung). Patients with NETs and right-sided heart failure due to cardiac carcinoid have a worse prognosis than those presenting without. Case presentation: We present the case of a 72-year-old female with a history of an initially considered well-...

Introduction: Acromegaly is characterized by elevated levels of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), most often due to a pituitary tumor. Persistent high levels of these hormones lead to a constellation of signs and symptoms and systemic complications associated with increased mortality. A potential association between acromegaly and cancer has been hypothesized regarding colorectal, thyroid, and prostate cancers, but there are few or no descriptions f...

Introduction: There is evidence on the association of subacute thyroiditis (SAT) and SARS-CoV-2 infection, the first case report being described in a young woman back in July 2020 (1). Multisystemic inflammatory syndrome in adults (MIS-A) is a rare complication of SARS-CoV-2, usually 2 to 12 weeks after initial infection. The development of Graves disease after SAT is rare, with approximately 31 reported cases, of which only 5 occurring in men (2). We pre...

Introduction: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common endocrine malignancy. It represents over 80% of all follicular derived well-differentiated thyroid cancers. Despite the fact that the majority of PTCs are well differentiated and have a low rate of local invasion, recurrences, or metastases, there are complex cases which require a multidisciplinary team for a favourable result.Methods: Clinical examination, blood tests, scintigraphy, CT s...

Background: Dopamine agonists (DA) have excellent result in controlling both hyperprolactinemia and tumor volume in macroprolactinomas. However, even after long term DA treatment, withdrawal of dopamine agonists results in recurrence of hyperprolactinemia in a significant proportion of patients.Aim: To assess recurrence rate of hyperprolactinemia after DA withdrawal in a large series of patients treated in a tertiar...

Background: Dopamine agonists (DA) have excellent result in controlling both hyperprolactinemia and tumor volume in macroprolactinomas. However, even after long term DA treatment, withdrawal of dopamine agonists results in recurrence of hyperprolactinemia in a significant proportion of patients.Aim: To assess recurrence rate of hyperprolactinemia after DA withdrawal in a large series of patients treated in a tertiar...

Congenital hypopituitarism is a rare disease, occurring sporadically in the vast majority of cases, that is found more frequently in males. We are presenting the case of a 19 year old that addressed our clinic because of short stature and lack of development of secondary sexual traits. During the clinical assessment we found his height to be 146 cm, corresponding to -4.78 SDs, Tanner stage of pubertal development 1 and lack of apocrine axillary odor. The patient was inapetent ...

Background: Prolonged ingestion of licorice has been known to cause hypokalemia and resistant hypertension amongst other disturbances. This is due to glycyrrhizin that inhibits the 11-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzyme type 2 which results into increased plasma cortisol levels that stimulate the mineralocorticoid receptors resulting into apparent mineralocorticoid excess.Case report: A 45-year-old woman resident in an iodine sufficient area, heav...